人类存在和活动对城市欧亚红松鼠创新解决问题的影响
Pizza Ka Yee Chow1,2, Olli J Loukola1, Cwyn Solvi3
1Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Pentti Kaiteran katu 1, Linnanmaa, Oulu 90014, Finland.
概括
人类活动对城市松鼠解决问题的能力产生负面影响. 增加人类的存在和特定的活动,如游乐场使用和狗散步,降低了成功率,增加了延迟,影响了认知能力.
科学领域:
- 城市生态学 城市生态学
- 动物认知动物的认知能力.
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
背景情况:
- 人类对城市野生动物的影响很大.
- 人为因素对城市野生动物认知的具体影响尚未得到充分理解.
- 了解这些影响对于城市野生动物保护至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究人类的存在和活动如何影响城市松鼠解决问题的能力.
- 确定影响野生动物认知表现的特定人为因素.
- 评估人类活动对松鼠创新解决问题的影响.
主要方法:
- 在芬兰乌鲁的15个城市地区研究了64只松鼠.
- 测量解决问题的成功率,结果和第一次成功的延迟.
- 评估了人类的存在,人类活动的类型 (散步,散步狗,骑自行车,游乐场),以及靠近步道的距离.
主要成果:
- 人类存在的增加和所有测量的人类活动都降低了现场层面解决问题的成功率.
- 游乐场活动对成功率产生了最严重的负面影响.
- 增加人类的存在和步行减少了成功解决问题的可能性,而狗步行影响了延迟.
结论:
- 特定的人类相关因素会对城市松鼠解决问题的能力产生负面影响.
- 人为压力可能会作为选择性压力,塑造城市野生动物认知.
- 研究结果强调需要考虑人类活动对城市野生动物认知特征的影响.
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