热带采矿影响的河流系统中的水性潜在生态毒性金属化物:来源和环境和人类健康风险
John Kennedy Okewling1,2,3, Matthew Eyre4, Karen A Hudson-Edwards4,5
1Camborne School of Mines, University of Exeter, Penryn, TR10 9FE, UK. jo469@exeter.ac.uk.
Environmental geochemistry and health
|October 17, 2025
概括
采矿活动使热带河流被有毒金属污染,造成严重的生态和人类健康风险,特别是对儿童. 紧急的水资源管理和社区意识对于减轻这些危险至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 水质管理水质管理
背景情况:
- 采矿造成的水污染对水生生态系统和人类健康构成重大风险.
- 了解热带河流系统中的金属化物污染对于有效的环境监管和公共卫生管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查热带河流系统中潜在的生态毒性金属化物 (PEM) 的度,来源以及相关的环境和人类健康风险.
- 使用乌干达的尼阿姆巴河作为一个案例研究,以评估采矿对水质和相关风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用ICP-MS.收集和分析了尼阿姆巴河,其支流和乔治湖的19个水样.
- 采用多变量统计分析来确定污染源.
- 用于评估生态风险的利用污染负荷指数和潜在生态风险指数.
- 对致癌性和非致癌性影响进行了健康风险评估.
主要成果:
- PEM度按照以下顺序进行:Co > Mn > Fe > Cu > Ni > Al > Zn > Mo > As > Pb > Cd = Cr. 这一顺序是:
- ,和的含量超过了安全饮用水标准.
- 采矿活动被确定为As,Co,Cu,Mn,Mo,Ni和Zn的重要来源.
- 严重的生态风险是由污染负载指数和潜在的生态风险指数表明的.
- 确定了致癌和非致癌的健康风险,儿童是最脆弱的人群.
结论:
- 必须防止未经处理的矿山废物排放到热带河流中.
- 地方政府应该提高社区的意识,并促进替代水源.
- 定期监测受影响河流系统的水质,对于保护公众健康和环境至关重要.
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