在气候变暖下,低至中度的海洋绿色和植物浮游生物的繁荣正在下降
Zhongkun Hong1,2, Di Long1,2, Kaiyue Shan1,2
1State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Science advances
|October 17, 2025
概括
海洋的绿色在全球范围内正在下降,从2001年到2023年观察到的叶绿素a度显著下降. 这一趋势在沿海地区尤为明显,与海水温度上升有关,这影响了海洋浮游生物的生长和开花.
科学领域:
- 海洋学 海洋学 海洋学
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
背景情况:
- 海洋浮游植物是海洋生态系统中重要的初级生产者.
- 对植物浮游生物趋势的准确监测受到观测约束的限制.
- 叶绿素度是植物浮游生物质生物质的关键指标.
研究的目的:
- 通过一种新的深度学习方法分析海洋叶绿素a度的长期趋势.
- 研究海洋绿色的空间模式和变化速度.
- 确定观察到的植物浮游生物趋势的主要驱动因素.
主要方法:
- 开发了一个深度学习模型,以生成一个全面的海洋叶绿素数据集 (2001-2023).
- 分析的叶绿素a度趋势遍及低至中度 (45°N至45°S).
- 叶绿素的量化变化,下降率和高度事件的频率,特别是在沿海地区.
主要成果:
- 发现海洋绿色的广泛下降,叶绿素的平均下降率为 -0.35 × 10−3 mg m−3 年−1.1.
- 沿海地区的下降速度更为急剧,为-0.73 × 10−3 mg m−3 年−1.1.
- 沿海水域中高叶绿素a事件的频率每年下降1.78%.
结论:
- 海洋表面温度的上升是主要的驱动因素,增加了分层,并限制了植物浮游生物的营养供应.
- 这些趋势表明,海洋初级产量和浮游植物开花频率的长期减少.
- 建议对海洋热量相互作用和海洋碳循环的潜在干扰.
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