外染色体圆形DNA促进炎症和肝细胞癌的发展
Lap Kwan Chan1,2, Juanjuan Shan1,2,3, Elias Rodriguez-Fos4
1Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Science advances
|October 17, 2025
概括
肝细胞中的微核释放出染色体外圆形DNA (eccDNA),触发免疫反应,驱动肝癌. 在慢性肝病模型中,阻断cGAS-STING通路会减少瘤的发展.
科学领域:
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
- 癌症生物学 癌症生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 在慢性肝病 (CLD) 和肝细胞癌 (HCC) 中观察到微核和异染色体圆形DNA (eccDNA).
- 微核在HCC发育中的确切作用尚不清楚.
- 了解肝病,微核和癌症之间的联系机制对于治疗策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究微核和eccDNA在促进HCC发育中的作用.
- 阐明微核影响肝脏免疫反应和致癌的分子机制.
- 探索针对cGAS-STING途径在肝癌预防中的潜力.
主要方法:
- 开发核分离DNA纤维 (NuSeF) 试验,以分析微核中的DNA复制应激.
- 循环测序以量化微核和核中的eccDNA水平.
- 使用CLD小鼠模型 (Mcl1Δhep) 并与其他小鼠肝病模型进行比较.
- 在CLD模型中删除Sting1的基因,以评估cGAS-STING通路的作用.
主要成果:
- 在CLD模型小鼠的肝脏中观察到微核和eccDNA水平的增加.
- 微核对复制应激的敏感性更高,导致复制叉减速.
- 在不同的肝病模型中,较高的eccDNA水平与瘤发病率增加相关.
- eccDNA作为一种免疫刺激剂,通过cGAS-STING通路促进肝细胞-免疫细胞交叉.
- 删除Sting1显著降低了免疫细胞化学反应和肝脏瘤发生率.
结论:
- 微核衍生的eccDNA触发肝脏免疫反应,促进在CLD中由炎症驱动的肝癌发生.
- cGAS-STING通路是eccDNA诱导的肝炎和瘤发展的关键调解者.
- 向eccDNA和cGAS-STING通路为预防CLD患者的HCC提供了潜在的治疗策略.
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