多系统环境因素阐明了青少年与大脑和行为之间的共同和独特关联.
Jivesh Ramduny1, Samuel Paskewitz1, Inti A Brazil2
1Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
|October 17, 2025
概括
儿童时期的多系统环境因素会影响青少年的大脑结构和精神病理学. 富裕与较高的大脑容量和较低的精神病理学有关,而逆境与较低的大脑容量和较高的精神病理学有关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 环境健康 环境健康
背景情况:
- 环境因素显著影响大脑发育和青少年心理健康.
- 以前的研究还没有全面地将微观到宏观系统的环境影响与大脑结构和精神病理学进行整合.
- 了解这些综合途径对于应对青少年心理健康挑战至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查多系统环境因素在儿童后期和青春期早期皮质下大脑体积之间的关联.
- 检查多系统环境因素与青春期早期心理病理 (外部化和内部化) 之间的关系.
- 探索皮层下大脑体积在环境心理病理学关系中的调解作用.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自青少年大脑认知发展SM研究 (n=2,766) 的纵向数据.
- 应用贝叶斯隐性分析分析,以识别儿童后期不同的多系统环境概况.
- 使用路径分析来评估环境特征对皮下体积和精神病理学的直接和间接影响.
主要成果:
- 确定了9个不同的环境配置文件.
- 家庭,学校和社区系统的逆境以及家庭冲突/学校参与率低与增加的外部化精神病理有关.
- 家庭/邻居富裕与较高的皮下体积和较低的精神病理学有关;相反,逆境与较低的皮下体积和较高的精神病理学有关.
结论:
- 确定了与青少年精神病理学相关的特定环境特征和与大脑相关的途径 (同终性).
- 证明环境因素和皮质下大脑体积都在精神病理学的发展中发挥着关键作用.
- 强调需要采用综合方法,考虑多个环境系统,以概念化和治疗青少年心理健康问题.
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