基于CT的放射学和深度学习用于手术前甲状腺结节分类:系统性审查,元分析和放射科医生比较
Nima Broomand Lomer1, Amir Mahmoud Ahmadzadeh2, Mohammad Amin Ashoobi3
1Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (N.B.L.).
放射学和深度学习模型在使用CT扫描对甲状腺结节进行分类时显示出高准确度. 这些人工智能方法可以提高诊断性能,减少患者不必要的活检.
科学领域:
- 放射学和医学成像学 医学成像学
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 计算机断层扫描 (CT) 对于评估甲状腺癌侵袭和识别偶然的甲状腺结节至关重要.
- 计算机辅助诊断 (CAD) 方法在甲状腺结节评估中提供了潜在的临床优势.
- 甲状腺结节的术前分类对于指导治疗决策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估放射学和深度学习方法的诊断性能,使用CT成像进行手术前的甲状腺结节分类.
- 将人工智能模型的准确性与放射科医生的准确性进行比较.
- 评估AI模型在不同CT成像阶段的诊断效用.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Scopus,Web of Science) 进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 研究的质量使用QUADAS-2和METRICS标准进行评估.
- 两变元分析被用来估计聚合的诊断性能指标,包括灵敏度,特异性和AUC.
主要成果:
- 放射学模型实现了0.85的聚合灵敏度和0.83的特异性 (AUC:0.894).
- 深度学习模型表现出更高的性能,灵敏度为0.87和特异性为0.93 (AUC:0.911).
- 两种AI方法都超过了放射科医生,普通CT成像比对比增强相位更好.
结论:
- 放射学和深度学习模型对准确的甲状腺结节分类有显著的希望.
- 这些人工智能工具可以提高放射科医生的准确性,特别是在不确定的情况下.
- 这些模型的应用可能会导致减少不必要的甲状腺活检.
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