在学校进行抵抗训练可以改善青春期女孩的身体健康:一项随机对照试验
Jiaqian Wan1, Zhe Li1, Ruiqing Sun1
1School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China.
BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation
|October 17, 2025
概括
基于学校的抵抗训练显著改善了青春期女孩的身体健康. 不同的训练类型为增强力量,速度和敏捷性提供了独特的好处.
科学领域:
- 儿科运动科学 儿科运动科学
- 运动医学 运动医学
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
背景情况:
- 身体健康对儿童和青少年健康至关重要,但全球趋势显示身体健康正在下降,尤其是女孩.
- 这项研究解决了调查有效干预措施的必要性,以改善这个人口中的健康状况.
- 基于学校的课程为年轻人健康促进提供了一个实际的环境.
研究的目的:
- 评估一项以学校为基础的抵抗训练计划对青春期女孩的身体健康和身体构成的影响.
- 为了比较不同阻力训练模式的有效性:传统的力量训练,压力训练和组合训练.
主要方法:
- 一个为期八周的随机对照试验,涉及79名青春期女孩.
- 参与者被分配到对照组,传统力量训练 (TST),压力计训练 (PT) 或联合训练 (CT) 组.
- 干预措施被整合到体育课程中,对身体组成,肌肉骨健康,心肺呼吸健康,速度和敏捷性进行评估.
主要成果:
- 传统的力量训练 (TST) 改善了俯卧,坐,站立远跳 (SLJ) 和50米冲刺.
- 压力计训练 (PT) 和组合训练 (CT) 增强了俯卧,SLJ,50米冲刺和敏捷性 (伊利诺伊州测试).
- 联合训练 (CT) 显著提高了心肺呼吸能力 (20米穿跑),而身体组成在不同组保持不变.
结论:
- 基于学校的抵抗训练有效地改善了青春期女孩的身体健康.
- 每种阻力训练模式 (TST,PT,CT) 为特定的健身组件提供了独特的优势.
- 将抵抗训练纳入体育课程是提高青少年女孩体能的一种可行的策略.
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