环境空气污染与心率变化之间的短期关联:基于人口的KORA S4和FF4研究的结果
Yujiao Li1,2, Susanne Breitner-Busch3,4, Wayne E Cascio5
1Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany. yujiao.li@helmholtz-munich.de.
短期暴露于细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 和二氧化 (NO2) 影响心血管自主功能,影响心率变化. 确定了脆弱的子组和时间趋势,强调了对空气质量标准的需求.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 心血管流行病学心血管流行病学
- 自主神经科学 自主神经科学
背景情况:
- 环境空气污染,特别是PM2.5和NO2,是心血管疾病 (CVD) 的重要危险因素.
- 自主神经系统 (ANS) 功能的改变是将空气污染与心血管疾病联系起来的一种拟议机制.
- 以前对空气污染对心率变化 (HRV) 的短期影响的研究已经产生了不一致的结果.
研究的目的:
- 研究环境PM2.5和NO2对心血管自主功能的短期影响.
- 用纵向HRV和心率 (HR) 数据来识别这些影响的脆弱人群和时间趋势.
- 在14年的时间内分析KORA队列的数据.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自4032名参与者的数据 (KORA S4, 1999-2001) 和1912名参与者的数据 (KORA FF4, 2013-2014).
- 使用固定监测站对空气污染数据 (PM2.5,NO2) 进行监测.
- 从5分钟的心电图记录中推导出HRV指数,并使用通用添加模型 (GAM) 和GAMM进行统计分析.
主要成果:
- 在S4队列中,增加的PM2.5与减少的SDNN和增加的HR有关.
- 科拉FF4队列显示PM2.5的相反关联,增加了SDNN.
- 在S4中观察到因年龄和吸烟而改变的效果;纵向分析显示,尽管缺乏统计学意义,但仍有一致的趋势.
结论:
- 短期暴露于PM2.5和NO2显然会影响心脏自主功能.
- 研究期间的影响的变化归因于老龄化,吸烟,药物和减少的污染水平.
- 即使低污染水平也会通过炎症和氧化应激损害自主功能,强调需要严格的空气质量标准和生活方式干预措施.
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