法国100%医疗改革:对牙科护理使用的影响
S Tubert-Jeannin1,2, L Bénézet3, A Mulliez3
1Université Clermont Auvergne, Research Group CROC, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Journal of dental research
|October 18, 2025
概括
2019年法国的医疗改革,即"100%健康"倡议,通过消除自付费用,将全牙假牙的使用量大幅增加了58.85%. 其他牙科护理使用率保持稳定,这表明对假肢护理的目标影响.
科学领域:
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 牙科公共卫生 牙科公共卫生
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 法国于2019年推出了"100%健康"改革,以减少自付医疗费用.
- 改革的目的是防止患者由于财务限制而放弃必要的牙科护理.
- 整形牙是这次改革的主要目标,旨在改善人们获得假牙护理的机会.
研究的目的:
- 评估法国100%健康改革对牙科护理使用的影响.
- 具体评估改革后全牙假牙使用情况的变化.
- 分析改革对不同社会经济地位的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用准实验设计与受控中断时间序列分析.
- 分析了法国社会医疗保险基金的大规模行政数据 (>10亿次牙科治疗,2014-2023年).
- 采用"控制结果"方法,比较不同覆盖的护理类型的利用率,调整为COVID-19和季节性.
主要成果:
- 在取消了自付费用后,基于树脂的全牙假牙的使用率增加了58.85% (95% CI,从37.18%到83.95%).
- 使用其他类型的牙科护理,在很大程度上不受改革的影响,没有显著的变化.
- 在研究期间,预防性牙科护理使用仅略有增加.
结论:
- 在100%健康改革下,消除了自费支出,成功地促进了全牙假牙的使用.
- 由于改革的重点是针对特定治疗,主要受益于有自愿医疗保险的人,因此需要持续监测.
- 未来的监测应优先了解改革的长期影响,特别是对弱势群体的影响.
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