财富之外:机器人采用对慢性疾病的影响
Yinan Liu1, Zou Wang2,3, Xiaoxuan Jin4
1School of Applied Economics, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China.
Health economics
|October 18, 2025
概括
工业机器人通过降低慢性病率来改善公共卫生. 自动化带来的好处,包括更好的工作条件和更健康的生活方式,超过了机器人的成本,特别是在发展中国家.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 劳动经济学 劳动经济学
- 技术影响技术影响
背景情况:
- 工业机器人对劳动力市场的影响得到了充分的研究.
- 更广泛的健康影响,特别是在慢性疾病方面,研究不足.
研究的目的:
- 调查工业机器人采用对慢性疾病患病率的影响.
- 分析中国自动化的健康益处和经济可行性.
主要方法:
- 将国家工业机器人采用数据与中国健康和营养调查 (CHNS) 的个人健康记录联系起来.
- 使用城市级别的巴蒂克型仪器变量策略.
- 使用的两阶段最小平方 (2SLS) 回归分析.
主要成果:
- 在每千名工人中,每增加一台机器人患慢性病的可能性减少了8.67%.
- 确定了机制:改善工作条件,增强身体/精神健康,以及更健康的生活方式选择.
- 成本效益分析表明,健康效益大大超过了收购成本.
结论:
- 工业自动化为发展中国家的公共卫生带来了显著的积极外部效应.
- 自动化可以带来更好的健康结果和福祉.
- 研究结果强调了技术进步的一个至关重要的,被忽视的好处.
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