相关实验视频
Updated: Jan 14, 2026
10:32
Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
Published on: April 23, 2014
19.0K
心理化的测量:一个系统的审查和构建有效性框架的开发
Hannah Hawksdale1, Beichen Meng1, Janet Feigenbaum1
1Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, UK.
Clinical psychology review
|October 18, 2025
概括
这次审查系统地评估了精神化措施,发现缺乏维度定义. 一个新的框架有助于根据它们的操作化维度和关系上下文进行比较,以便更好地进行选择.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 精神化,即理解心理状态的能力,在各个学科中至关重要.
- 由于其跨学科的相关性,存在各种各样的精神化措施.
- 现有的措施往往缺乏明确的维度定义和上下文化.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和识别现有的基于文本的精神化措施,针对普通成年人群.
- 开发和试点一个新的框架来分类心智化维度和关系上下文.
- 提高心理测量选择和解释的实用性和清晰度.
主要方法:
- 在 MEDLINE, PSYCHINFO, HAPI 和 PSYCHTESTS 的系统文献搜索.
- 开发一个18个组件的维度构造框架,用于思维化.
- 该框架应用于57个已识别的基于文本的精神化措施.
主要成果:
- 确定了57个基于文本的精神化措施.
- 新的框架实现了75%的评审者间协议.
- 没有完全重叠的维度和关系背景的措施;大多数集中在自我或假设的他人.
结论:
- 心理化的措施可以有效地基于维度和关系上下文进行比较,提高选择实用性.
- 不同构造的有效性需要仔细的测量选择,与特定的思维组件保持一致.
- 构造有效性的提高清晰度可以解决文献冲突,并指导新的评估开发.
相关概念视频
01:28Understanding the Self
233
The self is a central aspect of human identity, encompassing an individual’s beliefs, emotions, perceptions, and experiences. It is a cognitive and psychological construct that enables individuals to interpret their traits and behaviors, influencing how they perceive themselves and interact with the world. While personality consists of stable and enduring characteristics, the self is shaped by self-perception and social experiences. This distinction highlights the dynamic nature of the...
233
01:20Understanding Self-Concept
205
The self-concept encompasses individuals' beliefs about themselves, structured through cognitive frameworks known as self-schemas. These schemas function as mental representations of specific traits or behaviors, influencing how self-relevant information is perceived, processed, and remembered. For example, individuals who are schematic for body weight are more likely to interpret routine experiences—such as dining out or shopping—through the lens of that trait. Conversely, those...
205
01:29Measures of Intelligence
8.3K
Psychologists measure intelligence by using standardized tests that produce a score known as the intelligence quotient or IQ. To understand IQ tests, it's important to recognize the key principles behind their construction: validity, reliability, and standardization.
Validity refers to how well a test measures what it claims to measure. An intelligence test should accurately assess intelligence rather than another characteristic, like anxiety. Criterion validity is one way to evaluate this;...
Validity refers to how well a test measures what it claims to measure. An intelligence test should accurately assess intelligence rather than another characteristic, like anxiety. Criterion validity is one way to evaluate this;...
8.3K
01:23Binet's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence
1.7K
Alfred Binet, along with his student Théophile Simon, was tasked by the French Ministry of Education in 1904 to create a method for identifying students who struggled to learn through conventional classroom instruction. This initiative aimed to address overcrowding by placing such students in specialized schools. Binet and Simon developed an intelligence test comprising 30 tasks, ranging from simple commands, like touching one's nose or ear, to more complex tasks, such as drawing...
1.7K
01:22Self-Report Tests of Personality
764
Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
764
01:26Metacognition
709
Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...
709