在底灰填埋场的水流动力学.
Philipp Ingold1, Gisela Weibel1, Georg Kosakowski2
1Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 1+3, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Journal of contaminant hydrology
|October 18, 2025
概括
下层灰垃圾填埋场的液运输在雨季由优选的流通路径主导,但在干旱时期,矩阵流主要占据主导地位. 排水系统对于管理水排放和了解垃圾填埋场的水流动至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境工程 环境工程
- 水文地质学 水文地质学
- 地质化学 地质化学
背景情况:
- 了解底灰垃圾填埋场液的材料反应性和运输特性对于有效的废物管理至关重要.
- 垃圾填埋场的水文过程,特别是底层灰垃圾填埋场,是复杂的,受到诸如年龄和降水等因素的影响.
- 现有的模型往往需要改进,以充分捕捉浸液流动的动态,特别是关于优先路径.
研究的目的:
- 为了获得材料反应性和运输性质的机械学理解,在底层灰垃圾填埋场的液中.
- 研究水文过程,重点是从矩阵流和优先运输路径提供竞争性解决方案.
- 分析不同填埋年龄和大量降水事件对液运输的影响.
主要方法:
- 在瑞士七个不同年龄的地下灰垃圾填埋场进行水文过程的现场监测.
- 监测数据与基于理查德方程的概念流体流量模型进行比较,用于选定的垃圾填埋场.
- 进行多次模拟,以评估材料特性和降雨强度对水地化学行为的影响.
主要成果:
- 偏好的流道在降水事件期间显著影响液排放.
- 矩阵流量控制在干燥时期的水流量,表明双流系统.
- 一个高通量排水系统是必要的,以准确地模拟大量降水后观察到的峰值到达时间.
结论:
- 垃圾填埋场的水运输由三个主要路径控制:矩阵流,填埋体内的偏好流以及沿边缘区域和排水层的偏好流.
- 表面的池和低透性层促进了向边缘区域和排水的道流动,使降水能够绕过底层灰.
- 峰值流量后的逆流过程从矩阵区域调动高度相互作用的孔水,突出了考虑动态流量模式的重要性.
相关概念视频
Underflow Gates
362
Underflow gates are vital for controlling water flow in irrigation canals. The three main types of underflow gates — vertical, radial, and drum gates — serve different purposes while ensuring effective flow management. Vertical gates move up and down, generating a free-flowing water jet; radial gates pivot to regulate the flow; and drum gates rotate for precise adjustments. The flow through these gates is influenced by downstream conditions, resulting in free or drowned outflow.Free and...
362
Gradually Varying Flow
406
Gradually varying flow (GVF) in open channels describes situations where water depth changes slowly along the channel due to factors like non-uniform bed slope, channel shape variations, or obstructions. This flow type occurs when the depth adjusts gradually to balance gravitational forces, shear forces, and energy requirements, resulting in a low rate of depth change.Characteristics of Gradually Varying FlowGVF is commonly observed in natural streams, rivers, and canals, where flow depth...
406
Rapidly Varying Flow
441
Rapidly varying flow (RVF) in open channels is characterized by abrupt changes in flow depth over a short distance, with the rate of depth change relative to distance often approaching unity. These flows are inherently complex due to their transient and multi-dimensional nature, making exact analysis difficult. However, approximate solutions using simplified models provide valuable insights into their behavior.Key Features of Rapidly Varying FlowRVF is commonly observed in scenarios involving...
441
Energy Considerations in Open Channel Flow
564
Open channel flow, where a fluid flows with a free surface exposed to the atmosphere, is primarily governed by gravitational and surface effects, distinguishing it from closed conduit or pipe flow. In open channels such as rivers, canals, and artificial channels, energy analysis provides valuable insights into flow behavior and the relationship between depth, velocity, and slope.Specific Energy and Flow DepthIn open channel flow, the specific energy, E, combines the gravitational potential...
564
Conservation of Mass in Moving, Nondeforming Control Volume
1.3K
Stormwater detention basins are essential in managing runoff during heavy rainfall, particularly in urban areas where impervious surfaces increase the risk of flooding. Understanding the conservation of mass in these systems allows engineers to optimize basin performance, balancing inflow, outflow, and water storage.
In the context of a detention basin, the conservation of mass states that the total mass of water entering the basin must equal the mass leaving the basin plus any accumulation of...
In the context of a detention basin, the conservation of mass states that the total mass of water entering the basin must equal the mass leaving the basin plus any accumulation of...
1.3K
Plane Potential Flows
866
Plane potential flows simplify fluid motion by assuming the fluid to be irrotational and incompressible. These characteristics allow these flows to be described by a velocity potential function, ϕ, representing the flow speed in a given direction, and a stream function, ψ, that visualizes the flow path, both governed by Laplace's equation. These parameters help in estimating flow patterns, velocity distributions, and pressure fields around various hydraulic structures.
Uniform...
Uniform...
866


