老年人倒风险查工具的诊断准确性:与双变随机效应进行系统性审查元分析
Zhongxu Hu1, Shihua Jiang2, Xianyang Xin3
1Moray House School of Education and Sport, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
Journal of the American Medical Directors Association
|October 18, 2025
概括
对于老年人来说,没有一个单一的跌倒风险查工具是完美的. 迷你平衡评估系统测试 (Mini-BESTest) 和伯格平衡尺度 (BBS) 在评估的九种工具中显示出最佳的诊断准确性.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 临床诊断 临床诊断 临床诊断
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 跌倒对老年人来说是一个主要的健康问题,导致严重的发病率和死亡率.
- 准确识别有高跌倒风险的个体对于实施及时的预防性干预至关重要.
- 许多查工具存在,但它们在不同环境中的比较诊断准确性仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析常用的老年人跌倒风险查工具的诊断准确性.
- 将这些工具在各种环境中的性能进行比较,包括社区,机构和医院环境.
主要方法:
- 一项对53项诊断准确性研究的系统审查和元分析,涉及21,554名60岁及以上的成年人.
- 从开始到2025年4月,搜索了五个电子数据库 (CINAHL,Cochrane,EMBASE,PubMed,Web of Science) 从开始到2025年4月.
- 采用双变量随机效应模型,共同估计每个工具的灵敏度和特异性,以及单变量分析和方法质量评估.
主要成果:
- 评估了九种落风险查工具.
- 迷你平衡评估系统测试 (Mini-BESTest) 和伯格平衡尺度 (BBS) 显示了最高的整体诊断准确性 (AUC = 0.793 和 0.774,分别).
- 圣托马斯风险评估工具和亨德里希二号落风险模型在住院环境中显示了可接受的准确性 (AUC = 0.754和0.734).
结论:
- 没有任何单一的跌倒风险查工具能够达到足够的诊断准确度,以便在老年人中独立使用.
- 迷你BEST和BBS的诊断性能相对优越,在临床实践中可能会优先考虑.
- 可能需要进一步的研究来完善现有的工具或开发新的工具,以实现最佳的跌倒风险识别.
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