[欧洲缺血性中风:三十年 (1991-2021) 发生率趋势]
Bettina Kovács1,2, László Szapáry3, Luca Fanni Sántics-Kajos1
11 Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Egészségtudományi Kar, Egészségbiztosítási Intézet Pécs, Vörösmarty u. 3., 7621 Magyarország.
Orvosi hetilap
|October 19, 2025
概括
在1991年至2021年期间,缺血性中风的发生率在整个欧洲下降,西欧的改善更大. 然而,东欧和中欧的
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 缺血性中风是成年人残疾和死亡的主要原因,约占所有中风病例的80%.
- 欧洲中风发病率差异很大,在21世纪初每10万人口中有95到290例.
研究的目的:
- 分析1991年至2021年欧洲缺血性中风发病率的趋势.
- 通过欧洲国家组 (东部,中部,西部),性别和年龄来对这些趋势进行分层分析.
主要方法:
- 对44个欧洲国家的数据进行了回顾性定量分析.
- 利用2021年全球疾病负担数据库,对每10万人口的年龄标准化发病率进行分析.
- 采用描述性统计学,时间序列分析和克鲁斯卡尔-瓦利斯测试.
主要成果:
- 在1991年至2021年期间,所有欧洲地区的男性和女性均观察到年龄标准化缺血性中风发病率的显著下降.
- 西欧出现了最大的百分比下降 (男性:-48.4%,女性:-47.3%),其次是东欧 (男性: -28.8%,女性: -32.9%) 和中欧 (男性: -28.1%,女性: -25.6%).
- 男性的发病率仍然高于女性,特别是在55岁以上的人群中. 葡萄牙出现了最大的下降,而黑山则略有增加.
结论:
- 在所有欧洲国家群体中,缺血性中风的发病率都下降了,而西欧显示出最显著的改善.
- 尽管总体下降,东欧和中欧国家在2021年仍有较高的发病率,与西欧的1991年水平相比.
- 这些发现突显了中风发病率趋势的区域差异,并强调了持续公共卫生干预的必要性.
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