在全关节整形术后,非烟草尼古丁使用者的术后并发症增加
Zachary Fuller1, Avani Chopra2, Jeremiah Thomas1
1Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Newark, NJ, USA.
The Journal of arthroplasty
|October 19, 2025
概括
接受全关节整形手术 (THA) 的非烟草尼古丁依赖 (NTND) 患者面临的医疗和手术并发症显著增加. 术前查和戒烟干预措施对于改善这个不断增长的患者群体的结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 整形外科手术 整形外科手术
- 成 药物 药物 药物 药物
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 尼古丁使用与关节置换术后的并发症有关.
- 在全关节整形术 (TJA) 中,关于非烟草尼古丁依赖 (NTND) 结果的数据有限.
- 这项研究侧重于经过全关节整形手术 (THA) 的NTND患者的外术期结局.
研究的目的:
- 评估经过THA治疗的NTND患者的术前和术后结果.
- 为了比较THA后NTND和非尼古丁用户之间的并发症率.
- 为了告知有关尼古丁使用和TJA的临床实践.
主要方法:
- 使用大型国家数据库 (2003-2023) 进行回顾性队列研究.
- 确定了主要的THA患者.
- 一对一的倾向匹配了10,503名NTND患者和10,503名非尼古丁使用者.
- 评估系统性并发症 (90天) 和与假肢相关的并发症 (2年).
主要成果:
- NTND患者的90天系统性并发症率更高:败血症,心血管瘤,中风和肺炎.
- 在NTND患者中,阿片类药物的使用,再入院和ED访问显着更高.
- NTND患者经历了更多的2年假肢相关并发症,包括PJI,脱位和修复THA.
结论:
- 接受THA治疗的NTND患者面临更多的医疗和手术并发症.
- 电子烟和无烟尼古丁的使用率不断上升,需要进行手术前查和戒烟策略.
- 优化外科结果需要在THA的手术前评估中解决NTND.
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