降低弹性债务:机械砍伐和反复的规定的火灾可能会维持东部树林的生存
Melanie K Taylor1,2, Donald L Hagan3, T Adam Coates4
1Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Athens, Georgia, USA.
概括
结合机械稀释和火灾的森林管理可以恢复树的主导地位. 这种方法有助于通过模仿严重干扰来减少弹性债务,促进树幼苗的增长,而不是树.
科学领域:
- 森林生态 森林生态
- 生态系统的弹性 生态系统的弹性
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 当物种适应与环境条件不一致时,生态系统面临状态变化,导致弹性债务.
- 北美东部的宽叶森林正在从树主导转向像树这样的半菌物种,威胁到生态系统服务.
- 正在探索森林管理,以阻止或逆转树到树的转变.
研究的目的:
- 评估不同森林管理实践对树林适应力的长期影响.
- 了解机械砍伐和规定的火灾如何影响高层和低层的组成.
- 评估管理层降低弹性债务和促进树主导地位的潜力.
主要方法:
- 在北卡罗来纳州西部利用长期运行的绿河火灾和火灾替代品 (FFS) 研究.
- 实施的实验性处理:与对照组相比,机械砍伐 (Mech),规定的火 (Fire) 和组合 (Mech + Fire) 等.
- 监测了上层基底面积和森林组成 (上层,树苗,苗木) 的变化.
主要成果:
- 在Control和Mech治疗中,基底面积增加,在Fire中保持稳定,并且由于死亡率而在Mech + Fire中减少.
- 树幼苗的丰富性随着基底面积的减少而显著增加,与树不同.
- 机械 + 火处理通过打开树冠显示了树招募的最大潜力.
结论:
- 树特征与当前条件之间的误调造成了弹性债务.
- 模仿严重干扰的管理 (例如,Mech + Fire) 可以减少弹性债务.
- 结合机械砍伐和重复的规定的火灾可能会维持树在这些森林中的统治地位.
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