皮肤损伤图像分类与以树为基础的合奏:基准测试随机森林和梯度增强.
Sanman Pattnaik1, Saphalya Pattnaik2, Mohamed Khalid2
1Computer Science and Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal, IND.
Cureus
|October 20, 2025
概括
像渐变增强决策树这样的轻量级机器学习模型在分类皮肤癌方面显示出高准确性,为皮肤病诊断提供了更快,更易于解释的深度学习替代方案.
科学领域:
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 皮肤癌的诊断依赖于视觉评估,面临标准化和可访问性问题.
- 深度学习模型看起来有前途,但需要大量的资源,缺乏可解释性.
- 本研究探讨了以树为基础的组合方法作为一个可行的替代方案.
研究的目的:
- 评估随机森林 (RF) 和梯度增强决策树 (GBDT) 的准确性,用于分类四种常见的皮肤病变.
- 将这些基于树的模型的性能与深度学习基准进行比较.
- 评估拟议方法的可解释性和培训效率.
主要方法:
- 在四个病变类别 (BCC,BKL,MN,黑色素瘤) 中利用了8,000张皮肤镜像.
- 应用图像预处理,手工特征提取 (哈拉利克,LBP,RGB直方图),以及特征规范化.
- 使用贝叶斯搜索和交叉验证优化的RF和GBDT超参数,与MobileNetV2.2进行基准测试.
主要成果:
- GBDT实现了89%的准确性和0.88F-分数;RF实现了86%的准确性和0.85F-分数.
- 两组组合都超过了黑色素瘤检测ROC曲线下的0.94面积.
- 基于树的模型训练速度比深度学习基准快10倍多,SHAP分析显示了可解释的特征贡献.
结论:
- 传统的机器学习,特别是基于树的合奏,为皮肤病变的分类提供了一种有效和可解释的方法.
- 这些模型为深度学习提供了切实可行的替代方案,特别是在资源有限的环境中.
- 功能工程与基于树的方法相结合,可以实现与深度学习相匹配的性能,并提高透明度.
关键词:
计算机辅助诊断是指计算机辅助的诊断.深度学习人工智能 人工智能皮肤显微镜 (dermoscopy) 是一种可以检查皮肤的方法.诊断的准确性 诊断的准确性梯度增强可以提高梯度.可以解释的解释性.随机的森林随机的森林皮肤病变 皮肤病变传统的机器学习.更多相关视频
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