人工智能用于癌症治疗决策的使用
Olivier Elemento1, Sean Khozin2, Cora N Sternberg1
1Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine.
NEJM AI
|October 20, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 可以通过改进的诊断和个性化治疗来增强癌症护理. 克服数据质量和临床验证方面的挑战是将AI整合到瘤学中的关键.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 在彻底改变癌症护理方面表现有前途,特别是在诊断和治疗个性化方面.
- 目前的应用涵盖放射学和病理学,大型语言模型 (LLM) 对于治疗选择具有新兴的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 审查人工智能在瘤学的当前和未来影响.
- 确定阻碍人工智能融入临床工作流程的挑战.
- 为癌症护理中有效实施人工智能的战略提出建议.
主要方法:
- 文献综述专注于瘤学中的AI应用.
- 分析AI在放射学,病理学和治疗选择中的作用,使用LLMs.
- 确定临床整合的障碍,并提出解决方案.
主要成果:
- 人工智能为改善癌症诊断和个性化治疗提供了巨大的潜力.
- 临床整合受到数据质量,模型准确性以及缺乏临床试验验证问题的阻碍.
- 关键策略包括开发多中心数据集,促进实际的人工智能开发,研究人类-人工智能协作.
结论:
- 人工智能可以大大改善癌症护理和患者的治疗结果.
- 解决数据,验证和整合挑战对于实现AI在瘤学中的潜力至关重要.
- 战略实施对于将人工智能有效整合到常规瘤实践中至关重要.
相关概念视频
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
5.9K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
5.9K
Tumor Immunotherapy
1.7K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
1.7K
Cancer Survival Analysis
645
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
645
Targeted Cancer Therapies
8.6K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.6K
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
6.9K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
6.9K
Cancer Vaccines
952
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
952


