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目前的做法,限制和建议,为医学生和医生的知情同意教育:一个范围审查
Sophia Chryssofos1, Cynthia Glickman2, Cyrus Mowdawalla3
1Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA.
医疗培训缺乏标准化的知情同意 (IC) 教育,尽管它对患者的自主性很重要. 本次审查强调了结构化的课程的必要性,以提高学员在获得IC方面的技能,提高患者安全和临床医生的健康.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 患者的自主权 患者的自主权
背景情况:
- 知情同意 (IC) 对于患者的自主性至关重要.
- 医疗培训计划认识到IC教育的必要性.
- 很少有课程专门从更广泛的伦理原则中分离开来,专门针对IC培训.
研究的目的:
- 巩固医疗教育当前在知情同意方面的方法和成果.
- 审查需求评估和干预措施,以教导知情同意.
- 识别当前知情同意教育中的差距.
主要方法:
- 按照PRISMA-ScR指南进行系统审查.
- 在PubMed和MedEdPORTAL搜索了有关知情同意教育和评估的研究.
- 被排除的研究不是特别关注知情同意培训.
主要成果:
- 确定需要在各专业和各级培训中进行更强大的知情同意教育.
- 发现目前没有标准的流程存在,用于培训医学学习者在知情同意.
- 基于教学和模拟的干预措施都提高了知情同意的知识和舒适性.
结论:
- 医疗培训中目前的知情同意教育不足,缺乏共识方法.
- 现有IC教育的低满意度和关于实习生能力的辩论突出了重大差距.
- 需要对知情同意教育采取结构化,系统的方法,以确保能力,患者安全和学员福祉.
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