在中国早期青少年中,24小时运动指南与工作记忆之间的关联
Peng Xue1, Tong Han2, Xinlan Jin3
1Shandong Huayu University of Technology, Dezhou, China.
Frontiers in psychology
|October 20, 2025
概括
坚持24小时运动指南,包括屏幕时间和睡眠,可以改善青少年的工作记忆 (WM). 这种剂量依赖的效应在女孩和高认知负载下更强.
科学领域:
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 青少年心理学 青少年心理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 青春期早期是认知发育的关键时期.
- 了解影响工作记忆 (WM) 的因素对于学术和生活成功至关重要.
- 运动行为,包括体力活动,睡眠和屏幕时间,是可修改的,可能会影响认知功能.
研究的目的:
- 调查24小时运动行为准则的遵守与早期青少年的WM表现之间的关联.
- 检查遵守指南对WM的累积和性别特异性影响.
- 确定与增强的WM最强烈相关的特定运动行为.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及2,163名11-14岁青少年的横截面研究.
- 经过验证的调查问卷评估了遵守24小时运动指南 (身体活动,睡眠,屏幕时间).
- 使用计算机化N-back任务评估WM性能,测量反应时间.
主要成果:
- 观察到显著的负剂量反应关系:满足更多的指南与更快的反应时间 (更好的WM) 相关联.
- 这种剂量反应效应在女孩和在较高的认知负荷下 (2-back任务) 更明显.
- 满足屏幕时间和睡眠建议的青少年显示出最佳的WM表现.
结论:
- 遵守24小时运动指南与早期青少年的改善WM有关,这取决于剂量.
- 女孩对这些准则表现出更大的敏感性,特别是在要求高认知能力的任务下.
- 在这个年龄组中,对屏幕时间和睡眠建议的联合遵守似乎对WM特别有益.
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