从1992年到2020年对景观模式变化的全球评估
Tamsin L Woodman1,2, Peter Alexander2,3, David F R P Burslem1
1School of Biological Sciences, Zoology Building, University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ Scotland.
概括
1992年至2020年间,全球景观模式发生了重大变化. 未经管理的草原扩大,而森林和牧场收缩,影响生物多样性和环境过程.
科学领域:
- 生态科学 生态科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 地理空间分析的研究.
背景情况:
- 景观模式的变化会影响生物多样性和碳循环等环境过程.
- 之前的全球评估缺乏跨不同土地使用和土地覆盖类型 (LULC) 的多尺度分析.
- 了解这些影响需要对各种LULC类进行全面的多尺度分析.
研究的目的:
- 评估从1992年到2020年的六个关键LULC类的全球范围的景观模式变化.
- 在多个空间尺度 (100至25,600公里2) 上分析景观指标的趋势.
- 将景观度量变化与LULC组成和配置的变化联系起来.
主要方法:
- 计算了六个类级景观指标,用于六个LULC类 (城市,耕地,牧场/牧场,森林,未经管理的草地/灌木,稀疏/没有植被).
- 在五个不同的景观区域 (100,400,1600,6400,25600平方公里) 的量化指标.
- 评估指标的趋势,并将它们与LULC面积和空间配置的变化相关联.
主要成果:
- 未经管理的草/灌木面积增加,呈现出更大的碎片化和形状复杂性.
- 牧场/牧场和森林LULC类别在面积和碎片化方面普遍下降.
- 尽管空间异质,相邻的100平方公里的景观经常显示区域和碎片化的一致的方向变化.
结论:
- 全球景观模式的变化是高度可变的,由地方到区域因素驱动.
- 由此产生的景观指标的多规模全球数据集可以为未来的研究提供信息.
- 这一数据集将有助于了解景观变化的驱动因素及其环境影响.
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