基于区块链的医疗数据共享中的隐私保护:系统性审查
Kun Li1, Ankur Lohachab1, Michel Dumontier1
1Institute of Data Science (IDS), Maastricht University, Minderbroedersberg 4-6, Maastricht, 6211 LK The Netherlands.
概括
区块链提供医疗保健数据的好处,但面临隐私障碍. 大多数解决方案都处于早期阶段,需要更多的现实世界测试才能被采用.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健数据安全和隐私
- 区块链技术应用的应用
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
背景情况:
- 区块链技术承诺在医疗保健中增强数据所有权和互操作性.
- 现有的调查缺乏对医疗数据共享的隐私保护技术的系统分析.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查基于区块链的医疗数据共享隐私保护解决方案.
- 分析区块链细节,隐私方法,监管合规性和成熟度水平 (TRL).
- 确定模式,并为医疗保健中区块链集成提出框架.
主要方法:
- 基于区块链的隐私保护解决方案的系统文献审查.
- 分析区块链特点,隐私技术 (如智能合约,加密) 和监管合规.
- 使用技术准备水平 (TRL) 评估技术成熟度.
主要成果:
- 使用智能合约和基于属性的加密,身份验证和授权是最被探索的.
- 代理重新加密对于数据传输是常见的;保护隐私的搜索/验证尚未得到充分探索.
- 大多数解决方案都在概念验证 (TRL3) 阶段,原型验证有限 (TRL4-TRL5).
结论:
- 区块链领域的医疗保险隐私是新生的,研究和部署之间存在很大的差距.
- 进步需要提高实施能力,获得临床数据和监管调整.
- 临床验证和现实世界的测试对于实际采用保护隐私的区块链解决方案至关重要.
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