思考的是水槽,而不是来源:垂直农业的潜力是如何被作物育种所限制的
Gertjan Meeuws1, Daan Heeling1, José M Mogollón1
1Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.
Frontiers in plant science
|October 20, 2025
概括
垂直农业 (VF) 需要更好的作物产量,以实现大规模的可行性. 一个新的植物平衡模型 (PBM) 显示,目前的产量是有限的,强调需要新品种来改善未来的粮食生产.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物生理学 植物生理学
- 控制环境 农业 农业
背景情况:
- 垂直农业 (VF) 在实现高作物产量和低成本的可扩展性方面面临挑战.
- 目前的作物动态模型,如能量级联模型 (ECM),忽视了植物在同化存储和运输方面的局限性,这在VF环境中至关重要.
- 风电作物通常在水槽有限的条件下运行,其中工厂利用资源的能力是瓶,而不是能源可用性 (源限).
研究的目的:
- 调整现有的作物动态模型,以考虑垂直农业中普遍存在的水槽限制条件.
- 通过使用适应的模型,评估VF系统中生菜和番茄的当前产量潜力.
- 通过品种开发和环境优化,确定改善VF作物产量的局限性和要求.
主要方法:
- 将能量级联模型 (ECM) 调整为工厂平衡模型 (PBM),结合了水槽有限的动态.
- 对PBM的水槽限制估计进行了分析,对VF当前的菜和番茄作物产量进行了分析.
- 根据PBM,评估了缩短作物周期时间和增加温度对潜在产量的影响.
主要成果:
- 目前的和西红的VF产量接近其水槽限制潜力.
- 实现较高的生菜产量 (例如,700公斤/年-2年-1),需要大幅缩短作物周期时间 (51%).
- 据估计,菜的潜在产量为330公斤/m2年,番茄的潜在产量为369公斤/m2年,更高的产量需要当前遗传学无法实现的温度.
结论:
- 植物平衡模型 (PBM) 揭示了VF品种往往是水槽有限的,这是传统模型忽视的因素.
- 植物生理学和当前的遗传耐受性限制了VF的显著产量改善,而不仅仅是环境投入.
- 专注于水槽容量的积极育种计划对于垂直农业的未来可扩展性至关重要;否则,产量可能很快就会停滞不前.
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