用臭氧和颗粒活性碳对药品的废水整治:以风险为导向的方法
Charlie J E Davey1, Asmita Dubey2, Pia Keutmann1,3
1Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands c.j.e.davey@uva.nl.
概括
臭氧和颗粒活性炭 (GAC) 从废水中去除药品,但由于有毒副产品,臭氧化可能会增加整体风险. 基于风险的方法优于基于度的目标来评估移除效率.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 水处理技术水处理技术
- 制药污染 制药污染 制药污染
背景情况:
- 废水污水中含有制药 (精神) 制药,这些制药对环境构成风险.
- 传统的废水处理可能无法完全去除这些微污染物.
- 臭氧化和颗粒活性炭 (GAC) 是先进的治疗选择.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用臭氧化和GAC来研究 (精神) 药物的去除效率.
- 用环境风险作为主要指标来比较治疗疗效.
- 评估来自臭氧化的氧化转化产物 (OTP) 的形成和毒性.
主要方法:
- 用臭氧或GAC处理废水废水,以减少25%的UVA254吸收率.
- 使用超高性能液体染色学-四极飞行时间-高分辨率质谱法 (UHPLC-qTOF-HRMS) 量化20种 (精神) 药品.
- 基于母化合物和OTP的预测无效度 (PNEC) 和定量结构-活性关系 (QSAR) 的风险评估.
主要成果:
- 臭氧实现了60%的度去除和73%的降低基因化合物的风险.
- 对于母化合物,GAC实现了57%的度去除和46%的风险降低.
- 在考虑OTP毒性时,臭氧化导致中位风险增加 -274%,表明潜在的风险升高.
- 臭氧去除与激活的芳香环相关;GAC去除与拓极地表面积相关,表明不同的目标特异性.
结论:
- 以风险为导向的方法比以度为基础的目标更有效,用于评估废水中的药物清除.
- 臭氧化的有效性受到潜在更有毒的OTPs的形成的影响.
- GAC和臭氧化准不同的分子性质,这表明它们在综合性废水处理中具有互补作用.
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