释放产生性大语言模型的潜力,以预测出院中的不良药物反应关系 摘要:分析和策略
Yen Ling Koon1, Hui Xing Tan1, Desmond Chun Hwee Teo1
1Vigilance & Compliance Branch, Health Products Regulation Group, Health Sciences Authority, Singapore, Singapore.
Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
|October 20, 2025
概括
生成型大语言模型 (LLM) 在从临床笔记中预测药物-不良事件关系方面表现强. 结合LLM和微调模型的混合方法提高了准确性,节省了计算资源,提高了患者安全.
科学领域:
- 人工智能在医学中的应用
- 医疗保健的自然语言处理.
- 药物监督 药物监督 药物监督
背景情况:
- 从临床文本中预测药物-不良事件 (DAE) 关系对于患者安全至关重要.
- 生成型大语言模型 (LLM) 显示出信息提取任务的前景.
- 现有的微调模型需要广泛的训练来预测DAE.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较分析生成的LLM来预测放电总结中的DAE关系.
- 评估最先进的生成LLM与微调模型的性能.
- 开发和评估一种混合方法,将生成LLM与微调模型集成在一起,以改进DAE预测.
主要方法:
- 在MIMIC-Unrestricted数据集上对生成LLM (Gemini 1.5 Pro,Llama 3.1 405B) 和微调模型 (BioM-ELECTRA-Large) 的比较分析.
- 开发一种混合模型,将BioM-ELECTRA-Large用于细分选择和生成LLM用于预测.
- 评估指标包括F1分数和DAE关系识别的召回.
主要成果:
- 生成型LLM实现了高回忆率,与没有特定的DAE培训的微调模型相比.
- 双子 1.5 Pro和拉玛 3.1 405B在F1得分和召回中表现优于BioM-ELECTRA-Large.
- 混合模型通过减少生成LLM处理的细分数量,证明了F1得分的提高和显著的计算节省.
结论:
- 生成型LLM是用于DAE关系预测的有效回忆优化模型.
- 混合方法提供了一种计算效率高的方法来提高DAE预测准确度.
- 将生成的LLM与微调模型集成在改善药物监督和患者安全方面具有重大潜力.
相关概念视频
Pharmacovigilance
1.6K
Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
1.6K
Drug Discovery: Overview
11.0K
Drug discovery is a multifaceted process involving extensive screening, testing, and optimization of lead compounds to identify potential new drugs for therapeutic use. It combines several approaches, including screening large numbers of natural products, chemical modification of known active molecules, identification of new drug targets, and rational design based on biological mechanisms and drug-receptor structure. These approaches are carried out in both academic research laboratories and...
11.0K
Predicting Reaction Outcomes
10.0K
Kinetics describes the rate and path by which a reaction occurs. In contrast, thermodynamics deals with state functions and describes the properties, behavior, and components of a system. It is not concerned with the path taken by the process and cannot address the rate at which a reaction occurs. Although it does provide information about what can happen during a reaction process, it does not describe the detailed steps of what appears on an atomic or a molecular level. On the other hand,...
10.0K
Structure-Activity Relationships and Drug Design
1.7K
Drug design is a dynamic field that involves discovering and developing new medications based on specific biological targets. This process heavily relies on structure-activity relationships (SAR) and quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) to guide the design and optimization of efficient drugs.
SAR studies the intricate relationship between a drug's chemical structure and biological activity. It focuses on understanding how modifications to a drug's structure can influence...
SAR studies the intricate relationship between a drug's chemical structure and biological activity. It focuses on understanding how modifications to a drug's structure can influence...
1.7K
Analysis of Population Pharmacokinetic Data
673
Analysis of population pharmacokinetic data involves studying the behavior of drugs within diverse populations to understand their pharmacokinetic parameters. Traditional pharmacokinetic methods typically involve collecting samples from a few individuals and estimating these parameters. While these methods are commonly used, they have limitations in capturing the variability in drug response among individuals or heterogeneous populations. Population pharmacokinetics is employed to address these...
673
Factors Affecting Drug Response: Overview
3.0K
When it comes to infants and young children, they are typically administered smaller doses of medication in comparison to adults. This is primarily because their organ functions still need to fully develop, meaning their bodies are not as efficient at metabolizing or eliminating drugs. Additionally, their blood-brain barrier is more permeable than in adults. As a result, high concentrations of drugs can easily penetrate the central nervous system (CNS), potentially leading to neurological...
3.0K


