导致乳牛病原体的多药耐药性乳腺炎的表型和分子特征
Maya Mathew1, Athulya B2, Sandhya C3
1School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India.
International journal of environmental health research
|October 20, 2025
概括
抗生素耐药细菌,包括多药耐药 (MDR) 葡萄球菌,从牛奶中分离出来. 这些耐药乳制品细菌构成公共卫生风险,需要谨慎使用抗菌药物和预防策略.
科学领域:
- 兽医微生物学 兽医微生物学
- 抗微生物耐药性 抗微生物耐药性
- 食品安全 食品安全
背景情况:
- 乳腺炎是乳牛群的重大问题,影响动物健康和牛奶生产.
- 与牲畜相关的细菌中抗生素耐药性的增加构成了潜在的公共卫生威胁.
- 了解耐药性巨原体的流行率和特征对于有效控制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 从牛乳腺炎牛奶样本中分离和识别抗生素耐药细菌物种.
- 描述多药耐药 (MDR) 菌株,包括它们的耐药性基因和生物膜形成能力.
- 评估耐药乳制品细菌对公众健康的影响.
主要方法:
- 牛奶样本使用加利福尼亚乳腺炎测试进行了乳腺炎查.
- 使用Vitek® 2自动化系统识别了细菌分离物.
- 现型和基因型查确定了多药耐药菌株和抗生素耐药基因 (例如,mecA,blaZ,gyrA,gyrB).
- 使用组织培养板测定来评估生物膜的形成.
主要成果:
- 57%的测试牛奶样本呈阳性乳腺炎.
- 分离了167种细菌菌株,其中14种被确定为多药耐药 (MDR).
- 在MDR菌株中,包括Staphylococcus spp.,Enterobacter spp.,Morganella spp.和Elizabethkingia spp.这些菌株.
- 葡萄球菌菌株表现出最高的耐药性;8%的乳腺炎分离物是MDR.
- 通常检测到的抗生素耐药性基因是 gyrA (50%), gyrB (59%), blaZ (43%) 和 mecA (21%).
- 11种MDR细菌被确定为强大的生物膜形成者.
结论:
- 该研究在牛奶中发现了与乳腺炎相关的多药耐药细菌,特别是Staphylococcus spp.
- 抗生素耐药性基因的存在和这些隔离物中的生物膜形成突出了它们的持久性和传播潜力.
- 这些发现强调了公共卫生风险,强调了预防措施的必要性和乳制品养殖中负责任的抗微生物管理,以防止动物传播的传播.
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