关于深度学习在甲状腺结节成像中的应用:从模型架构到训练方法和核心图像分析任务
Lu Zhang1, Changwen Huang2, Qiuran Xu3
1School of Medical Imaging, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Biomedical physics & engineering express
|October 20, 2025
概括
深度学习通过分析医学图像显著改善了甲状腺结节的诊断. 本综述探讨了深度学习模型,训练方法和任务,以更准确和更有效地检测甲状腺结节.
科学领域:
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 甲状腺结节变得越来越常见,造成健康风险.
- 目前用于甲状腺结节的诊断方法依赖于医生的专业知识,并且由于图像质量和可变性而面临准确性和效率的局限性.
- 深度学习提供了强大的图像处理功能,用于增强医疗图像分析.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查用于甲状腺结节诊断的深度学习的最新进展.
- 从模型架构,培训方法和核心任务的角度分析深度学习方法.
- 为未来的研究和深度学习在甲状腺结节分析中的临床整合提供见解.
主要方法:
- 在甲状腺结节医学图像分析中深度学习应用的全面审查.
- 各种深度学习模型架构的比较,包括卷积神经网络 (CNN),循环神经网络 (RNN),生成对抗网络 (GAN),变压器和混合模型.
- 关键挑战,潜在解决方案和深度学习在临床工作流程中的整合策略的总结.
主要成果:
- 深度学习模型在提取结节特征和分类良性与恶性病例方面展示了变革潜力.
- 各种深度学习架构显示出希望,目前正在进行的研究重点是优化培训方法和核心诊断任务.
- 临床整合的挑战包括模型的稳定性,跨领域的适应性和可解释性.
结论:
- 深度学习正在彻底改变甲状腺结节的诊断,提高准确性和效率.
- 需要进一步的研究来提高模型的稳定性,适应性和临床解释性,以便无地整合到医疗保健中.
- 本综述为人工智能驱动的甲状腺结节诊断的未来发展提供了路线图.
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