在局部晚期结肠癌中循环瘤DNA引导辅助疗法:随机分期2/3DYNAMIC-III试验
Jeanne Tie1,2,3, Yuxuan Wang4,5, Jonathan M Loree6,7
1Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. jeanne.tie@petermac.org.
Nature medicine
|October 20, 2025
概括
在第三期结肠癌患者中进行循环瘤DNA (ctDNA) 测试,以指导治疗决策. 接受降级治疗的ctDNA阴性患者的治疗毒性降低,但无复发存活率略低.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子诊断学 分子诊断
- 临床试验 临床试验
背景情况:
- 治疗第三阶段结肠癌的辅助化疗提供了不确定的个人益处.
- 循环瘤DNA (ctDNA) 显示了改进风险调整治疗选择的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估ctDNA引导治疗降级和升级在第三阶段结肠癌的疗效.
- 根据手术后的ctDNA状态来评估无复发生存率 (RFS) 和与治疗相关的毒性.
主要方法:
- 多中心,随机的2/3期试验,涉及968名第三阶段结肠癌患者.
- 患者被分配到ctDNA导向 (ctDNA阴性降级,ctDNA阳性升级) 或标准管理.
- 主要终点:ctDNA阴性患者的3年RFS和ctDNA阳性患者的2年RFS.
主要成果:
- 702名 (72.5%) 患者是ctDNA阴性.
- 对ctDNA阴性患者的复发明显减少 (3年RFS为87%与49%相比;P<0.001).
- 在ctDNA阴性患者的降级减少了氧沙的使用和住院,但显示了非劣质RFS (85.3%与88.1%相比).
- 对ctDNA阳性的患者进行升级治疗,与标准治疗相比,结果没有改善 (2年RFS为51%而不是61%).
- 治疗后持久的ctDNA强烈预测了更糟糕的预后 (3年RFS14%对79%).
结论:
- ctDNA是第三阶段结肠癌中验证的预后分类器.
- ctDNA引导的缓解降低了毒性,结果接近标准护理.
- 对ctDNA阳性疾病需要新的策略,因为化疗强化没有显示RFS益处.
相关概念视频
Tumor Immunotherapy
1.7K
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
1.7K
Targeted Cancer Therapies
8.6K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.6K


