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患有自闭症谱系障碍和典型发育的儿童的缺食症:对症状和对父母影响的比较研究

Melike İrem Alnıaçık¹, Serkan Bengisu¹

¹Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Atlas University, Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey.

International journal of language & communication disorders

|October 21, 2025

概括

患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童出现吞困难的风险更高,影响家庭日常活动. 早期评估和以家庭为中心的干预措施对于支持自闭症儿童及其家属至关重要.

科学领域:

神经发育障碍神经发育障碍
儿科胃肠病学儿科胃肠病学
临床心理学临床心理学

背景情况:

食和吞困难,包括食物选择性和破坏性饮食时间行为,在患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的儿童中比典型发育 (TD) 的儿童更为普遍.
虽然不是ASD的核心诊断特征,但这些问题显著影响孩子的健康和家庭动态,先前的研究往往侧重于行为方面,而不是临床失足症症状或照顾者的心理社会影响.

研究的目的:

为了比较分析ASD儿童与TD儿童的消化不良症状.
评估食和吞问题对这些孩子的父母的影响.

主要方法:

一项涉及70名儿童 (3-7岁) 和他们的父母的研究:35名患有自闭症和35名TD.
使用儿科饮食评估工具 (PEDI-EAT-10) 评估吞功能.
通过食/吞影响调查 (FS-IS) 测量父母的影响.

主要成果:

虽然20%的自闭症儿童和8.57%的TD儿童出现了吞异常,但PEDI-EAT-10总分数在各组之间没有显著差异 (p=0.833).
与TD父母相比,ASD儿童的父母对"日常活动" (p=0.036) 的影响显著更大.
两组之间的父母"担忧","养困难"或FS-IS总得分没有显著差异 (p>0.05).

结论:

患有自闭症的儿童面临更高的临床风险,因为父母报告的吞和食困难,对父母的生活质量产生负面影响.
早期评估养技巧,行为和吞功能至关重要.
以儿童和家庭为中心的干预措施对于支持功能发展和改善家庭日常生活至关重要.

关键词:

自闭症自闭症是什么脱的过程脱的过程脱质障碍脱质障碍脱质障碍养行为养行为营养营养营养营养父母的担忧是父母的担忧.典型的发展典型的发展

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