由4,3-α-葡萄糖转移酶修饰诱导的增强粉消化阻力的结构基础
Yuqi Yang1, Tao Zhang2, Ming Miao2
1State Key Laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
Carbohydrate polymers
|October 21, 2025
概括
这项研究揭示了4,3-α-glucanotransferase (4,3-α-GTase) 如何修改玉米粉,产生耐溶性不溶性修改粉 (IMS) 和可溶性修改粉 (SMS),降低消化能力和潜在的血糖益处.
科学领域:
- 生物化学和酶学 生物化学和酶学
- 食品科学与技术 食品科学与技术
- 碳水化合物化学 碳水化合物化学
背景情况:
- 原生粉在体外具有很高的消化能力.
- 酶修饰提供了一条通往功能性粉衍生物的途径.
- 4,3-α-葡萄糖转移酶 (4,3-α-GTase) 正在研究其在粉修饰方面的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 为了阐明4,3-α-GTase在玉米粉修饰中的催化机制.
- 描述粉的结构变化导致消化能力降低.
- 为了评估不溶性改性粉 (IMS) 和溶性改性粉 (SMS) 作为功能成分的形成.
主要方法:
- 用4,3-α-GTase对玉米粉进行酶处理.
- 1H NMR光谱用于粉链和糖链的结构分析.
- 在体外测量粉消化能力.
- 不溶性改性粉 (IMS) 和溶性改性粉 (SMS) 的特性.
主要成果:
- 粉链在转葡萄糖化过程中仅作为糖捐赠体起作用.
- 4,3-α-GTase化了粉,产生了作为受体的寡糖化物.
- 形成IMS将聚合物的平均程度从23.02降低到11.17.
- 在SMS-24中,含有22.92%的α-1,3甘氨酸结合,由重新组装的寡糖化合物形成.
- 在体外消化能力显著降低:IMS-24的63.85%,SMS-24的67.12%.
结论:
- 酶机制涉及水解和转糖化,产生α-1,3链接.
- 改性粉 (IMS和SMS) 在体外可消化性显著降低.
- 这种酶方法产生了干净标签,功能性粉衍生物,用于潜在的血糖管理.
- 酶工程为开发粉食纤维成分提供了一个可持续的战略.
相关概念视频
Oligosaccharide Assembly
3.5K
Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
3.5K
Biosynthesis of Polysaccharides
548
Polysaccharides such as glycogen and starch are synthesized from nucleoside diphosphate sugars, primarily uridine diphosphate glucose (UDPG) and adenosine diphosphate glucose (ADPG). These activated glucose donors act as key intermediates in carbohydrate metabolism and biosynthesis. UDPG primarily involves glycogen synthesis in animals and many bacteria, while ADPG plays a fundamental role in starch synthesis in plants and certain bacteria.UDPG is formed when glucose-1-phosphate reacts with...
548
Carbohydrate Digestion
121.7K
Carbohydrate digestion and metabolism break down simple and complex carbohydrates from food into saccharides (i.e., sugars) for the body to use as energy. Carbohydrate digestion starts in the mouth during mastication, or chewing. The masticated carbohydrates remain intact in the stomach. Digestion resumes in the duodenum of the small intestine, where pancreatic alpha-amylase and brush border enzymes of the microvilli convert complex carbohydrates to monosaccharides. Finally, the monosaccharides...
121.7K
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
522
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...
Acarbose and miglitol are...
522
Introduction to Carbohydrates
19.8K
Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are the primary macronutrients in the human diet. However, carbohydrates are the most favored source of energy in the body. They can be found in a wide variety of foods, including whole grains, fruit, and vegetables, in various forms, such as sugars, starch, and dietary fiber. Based on their structure, carbohydrates are classified into three main classes— monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. The body's cells can only utilize simple...
19.8K
Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Stability Enhancement and GI Retention
193
Body:Improving a drug's stability in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is paramount for enhancing its bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness. Various strategies are employed to protect the drug from the harsh gastric milieu and to ensure its release and absorption at the desired site within the GI tract.Polymer coatings are one such method used to shield drugs from the stomach's acidic environment. By preventing premature drug release, these coatings improve the bioavailability of unstable...
193


