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遗传参数和QTL映射用于早期哺乳期Holsteins的新陈代谢特征

Rui Liu¹, Dagnachew Hailemariam¹, Christine Baes²

¹Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.

Journal of animal science

|October 21, 2025

概括

这项研究研究了影响乳牛早期哺乳期血液生物化学变量的遗传因素. 结果确定了与胺转移酶 (GGT) 和胆固醇相关的特定基因和区域,有助于改善牛健康的遗传选择.

科学领域:

动物遗传学动物遗传学
生物化学生化学
乳制品科学乳制品科学

背景情况:

乳牛早期哺乳期存在诸如负能量平衡和免疫功能下降等挑战,增加对代谢和炎症性疾病的易感性.
循环的生物化学血液变量是诊断各种物种代谢和炎症状况的关键指标.
了解这些变量的遗传基础是改善奶牛健康和生产率的关键.

研究的目的:

估计乳母奶牛血清生化变量的遗传参数.
为了确定与血清马-胺转移酶 (GGT) 和胆固醇度相关的候选基因和定量特征位置 (QTL).
探索遗传选择的潜力,以提高奶牛的弹性.

主要方法:

使用80,709个单核酸多态 (SNP) 的方法对938只哺乳期霍尔斯坦牛进行基因定型.
在牛奶 (DIM) 中测量2-14天内各种生物化学变量 (蛋白质,肝酶,葡萄糖,NEFA,BHBA,胆固醇) 的血清度.
全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 以确定与GGT和胆固醇水平相关的SNP.

主要成果:

血清变量的遗传概率估计在0.04到0.35之间,胆固醇是最容易遗传的.
在非化脂肪酸 (NEFA) 和GGT,阿斯巴酸氨基转移酶 (AST) 和β-酸 (BHBA) 之间发现了显著的遗传相关性.
GWAS确定了45个与GGT相关的SNP和7个与胆固醇相关的SNP,其中候选基因和QTL与代谢途径有关.

结论:

对于研究的血清变量,观察到低至中度的遗传性.
确定了与血清GGT和胆固醇相关的候选基因和QTL区域,为基因改进提供了目标.
这些发现可以通过明智的遗传选择策略来提高奶牛的弹性.

关键词:

霍尔施泰因斯的意思是霍尔施泰因斯.血液中的生物化学变量.遗传参数遗传参数定量特征的位置 (loci)恢复力恢复力

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