缓解发育障碍儿童的营养障碍和营养不良:叙述性审查
Aradhana Rohil1, Prashant Jauhari2,3, Rohan Malik4
1Department of Pediatrics, Child Neurology Division, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Indian pediatrics
|October 21, 2025
概括
儿童食障碍 (PFD) 影响33-80%的发育障碍 (DD) 儿童. 早期的多学科干预对于改善这些儿童的结果和生活质量至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿童营养学 儿童营养学
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
- 临床营养学 临床营养学
背景情况:
- 儿童食障碍 (PFD) 呈现为不适合年龄的口服摄入量,通常与脑 (CP) 等发育障碍 (DD) 同时发生.
- 患有DD的儿童的神经,运动,感官障碍和心理社会因素加剧了养挑战,导致营养不良和生长不良.
- 尽管影响很大,但DD儿童的PFD往往仍未被诊断出来,这凸显了临床意识和管理方面的差距.
研究的目的:
- 评估发育障碍儿童食问题的患病率和范围.
- 确定导致该人口营养困难的因素.
- 为改善临床意识,评估和干预策略提供见解.
主要方法:
- 在2015年1月至2025年1月期间发表的研究,在PubMed,Scopus和Google Scholar进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 关键词集中在营养问题,疾病,营养不良,消化不良以及与脑,发育障碍和神经障碍相关的相关术语.
- 审查中包括了40项相关研究.
主要成果:
- 在33-80%的发育障碍儿童中发现了营养障碍.
- 有助因素包括身体异常,吞功能障碍,限制饮食和社会文化影响,表现为食不适,反流,便秘,感官问题和食物厌恶.
- 一种系统的评估方法,包括营养状况评估,饮食需求计算和养效率评估,可以提高结果.
结论:
- 营养障碍是发育障碍儿童患病的重要但可改变的原因.
- 早期识别和基于证据的多学科方法对于提高这些儿童的生活质量至关重要.
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