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超耐力运动员和代谢上限

Andrew Best¹, Srishti Sadhir², Emily Hyatt³

¹Department of Biology, Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts, 375 Church Street, North Adams, MA 01247, USA.

Current biology : CB

|October 21, 2025

概括

精英运动员很少超过所建议的持续能量消耗的时间依赖的代谢上限. 这项研究测试了超耐力运动员的代谢天花板模型,发现极限通常在长时间内保持.

科学领域:

人类生理学人类生理学
运动科学运动科学
代谢研究的研究.

背景情况:

人类耐力表现受到最大可持续热量消耗的限制,历史上称为代谢范围 (MS).
一个最近的模型提出了一个依赖于持续时间的代谢上限,从1天事件的~10倍基础代谢率 (BMR) 下降到28周的~2.5倍BMR.

研究的目的:

在精英超级耐力运动员中实证测试拟议的依赖持续时间的代谢天花板模型.
为了生成MS的预测方程作为各种持续时间的运动体积的函数.

主要方法:

在14名精英超级耐力运动员中使用双重标记的水测量MS (总能耗/BMR).
在超耐力比赛 (24小时至13天) 和训练周期间收集的数据.
根据培训记录计算的1,3,6,12,30和52周周期的最大MS.

主要成果:

在12周的比赛和训练中,最大数量的MS接近但没有超过拟议的代谢上限.
虽然四名运动员在30周和52周短暂超过2.5倍的BMR,但该组的平均MS仍然低于这一极限.
在30周,MS的平均值为2.43±0.17x BMR (TEE:4,085±642 kcal/天),在52周是2.39±0.17x BMR (TEE:4,020±641 kcal/天).

结论:

这些发现支持了人类能源消耗的时间依赖的代谢上限的存在.
超过这个假设的极限似乎是罕见的,即使在训练有素的超耐力运动员中也是如此.
这项研究提供了经验证据,证明了长时间持续高水平体育活动对代谢限制的证据.

关键词:

双重标记的水是双重标记的水.能源分配的能量分配.代谢上限是指代谢上限.总能源支出总量能源支出总量

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