识别人类肠道细菌,产生生物活性的血清素,并促进结肠内置
Chiara H Moretti1, Estelle Grasset1, Jiaying Zhu1
1The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden.
Cell reports
|October 21, 2025
概括
特定的肠道细菌,如Limosilactobacillus mucosae合成血清素,影响肠道健康,并可能治疗易怒肠综合征. 这项研究强调了肠道微生物群.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 神经胃肠病学 神经胃肠病学
- 肠-大脑轴 肠-大脑轴
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物群影响宿主血清的合成,这对肠道神经系统的发育和肠道运动至关重要.
- 功能性肠道障碍,如刺激性肠道综合征 (IBS),与改变的肠道微生物群和血清素水平有关.
- 肠道细菌合成生物活性血清素的能力及其对肠道神经系统的影响仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究特定的人类肠道细菌是否可以合成生物活性血清素.
- 确定细菌血清合成对肠道神经系统和肠道功能的影响.
- 探索已识别的细菌在刺激性肠综合征中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在体外通过细菌联盟 (Limosilactobacillus mucosae和Ligilactobacillus ruminis) 通过5-基酸脱氧化合成血清素.
- 将细菌联盟引入无细菌,缺乏血清素的小鼠,以评估对血清素水平,神经元密度和肠道通行的影响.
- 在患有刺激性肠综合征的个体中分析便微生物群组成,以确定L. mucosae的丰富性.
主要成果:
- 鉴定出一种由L. mucosae和L. ruminis组成的细菌联盟能够在体外合成血清素.
- 在小鼠中,该联盟的使用增加了便中的血清,结肠神经元密度和血清免疫反应神经元.
- 该联盟在无菌的野生类型小鼠中正常化了肠道过渡时间.
- 在患有刺激性肠综合征的患者中观察到L. mucosae的便丰度减少.
结论:
- 特定的人类肠道细菌,包括L. mucosae和L. ruminis,可以合成生物活性血清素.
- 细菌衍生的血清素会影响肠道神经系统的发育和肠道运动.
- 这些发现表明细菌血清合成在维持肠道健康方面发挥了作用,并为IBS提供了潜在的治疗点.
相关概念视频
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists
880
Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
880
Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine
1.5K
The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
1.5K
Physiology of Enteric Nervous System and Gut Health
858
The gastrointestinal tract, responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients, is safeguarded by the intestinal barrier, which consists of secretory, physical, and immune components. At the forefront is the secretory barrier, composed of essential elements such as mucus, gut microbiota, and defense proteins. They collaborate to break down food particles, facilitate nutrient absorption, and maintain optimal gut health. These secretory components ensure the smooth functioning of the...
858
Anatomy of the Intestines
86.7K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
86.7K
What is Monogastric Digestion?
74.9K
The human body contains a monogastric digestive system. In a monogastric digestive system, the stomach only contains one chamber in which it digests food. Several other animal species also have monogastric digestive systems, including pigs, horses, dogs, and birds. This chapter, however, focuses on the human digestive system.
74.9K
Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity
1.7K
The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) plays a pivotal role in regulating gastrointestinal or GI motor activity. This complex network of nerves, deeply embedded within the gut wall, responds to changes in the gut environment and receives input from both the autonomic nervous system and the central nervous system. By doing so, the ENS operates various programs tailored to the body's nutritional status and needs.
During periods of fasting, the ENS initiates the migrating myoelectric complex, a...
During periods of fasting, the ENS initiates the migrating myoelectric complex, a...
1.7K


