为沙漠环境选择耐热应激的小麦基因型
Abdelhalim I Ghazy1, Talal K Al Ateeq1, Eid I Ibrahim1
1Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, 11362, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Scientific reports
|October 21, 2025
概括
高温显著降低小麦产量,但一些基因型表现出强烈的耐热性. 像Xgwm 285和Xgwm 577这样的分子标记物可以帮助培育耐热的小麦品种,以确保粮食安全.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物育种 植物育种
- 遗传学 遗传学是一种遗传学.
背景情况:
- 高温是一个主要的非生物压力影响全球作物生产率,特别是在干旱和半干旱地区.
- 小麦 (Triticum aestivum) 是一种重要的粮食作物,容易受到热应激,威胁到粮食安全.
研究的目的:
- 在野外热应激条件下评估小麦基因型的表型性能和遗传多样性.
- 为了识别与耐热性相关的遗传标记物,用于标记物辅助选择 (MAS).
主要方法:
- 在两年时间里,对20种先进的小麦基因型进行了实地试验,并在热应激下进行了检查.
- 收集了产量和相关特征的表型数据,并计算了压力指数.
- 用30个简单序列重复 (SSR) 多态标记来评估遗传多样性,并分析了标记-特征关联.
主要成果:
- 热应激导致平均谷物产量减少了53.8%.
- 基因型YR×Ksu110-240表现出高耐热性 (10.4%的产量减少),而DHH3-26表现出高敏感性 (53.6%的减少).
- SSR标志物Xgwm 285和Xgwm 577与耐热性特征有显著的相关性.
结论:
- 将表型评估与分子标记物结合起来,对于开发耐热小麦品种至关重要.
- 识别标记 (Xgwm 285,Xgwm 577) 是小麦育种计划中MAS的宝贵工具.
- 利用遗传多样性对于提高小麦适应气候变化的能力和确保未来的粮食安全至关重要.
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