农村阿巴拉契亚地区COVID-19疫苗接种的障碍和促进因素
Kathryn M Cardarelli1, Rachel Gillespie2, Anna Goodman Hoover3
1Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, 485 E. Gray Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. kathryn.cardarelli@louisville.edu.
BMC public health
|October 22, 2025
概括
在肯塔基州的阿巴拉契亚山区,确定COVID-19疫苗接种的障碍和促进者至关重要. 社区领导人强调不信任,错误信息和后勤问题,以及可信的信使和社区活动,是影响疫苗接种的关键因素.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- COVID-19不成比例地影响着健康不平等的人口.
- 肯塔基州的阿巴拉契亚山区在应对疫情方面面临着独特的挑战.
- 了解疫苗接种障碍对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在肯塔基州的阿巴拉契亚山区识别COVID-19疫苗接种的障碍和促进者.
- 为制定有效的疫苗接种干预措施提供信息.
- 解决一个脆弱地区的健康差异.
主要方法:
- 与36个社区领导人进行的关键信息员采访,涉及14个肯塔基州阿巴拉契亚县的36个社区领导人 (2023年1月至6月).
- 关注社区对大流行影响和疫苗接受的看法.
- 利用代式的感应-演编码来进行响应分析.
主要成果:
- 确定了多层次的障碍:个人 (不信任,低风险感知),人际关系 (反疫苗规范),社区 (物流,提供者错误信息) 和政策 (政治化,改变建议).
- 促进者包括值得信赖的社区领导人的认可,利他主义的信念 (保护他人),以及基于社区事件的行动线索.
- 社会生态模型有效地描述了疫苗接种的挑战和机会.
结论:
- 调查结果为改善肯塔基州阿巴拉契亚州的COVID-19疫苗接种教育,分发和政策提供了见解.
- 已确定的策略可以适应面临健康不平等的类似社区.
- 解决已识别的障碍对于提高疫苗接种率和减轻流行病影响至关重要.
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