梅加斯菲拉 (Megasphaera) 有助于人类肠道中乳酸驱动的酸盐生产
Lucía Huertas-Díaz1, Mensure Elvan Gezer1, Angeliki Marietou1
1Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Microbiome
|October 22, 2025
概括
肠道微生物Megasphaera是从乳制品乳糖和乳酸中产生酸盐的关键,特别是在超重妇女中. 它的存在影响了发酵乳制品如何影响肠道微生物短链碳素酸 (SCCA) 的产生.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 人类肠道微生物组
- 代谢工程是代谢工程.
背景情况:
- 人体肠道微生物群将碳水化合物发酵成短链碳素酸 (SCCA).
- 酸是人类便中常见的SCCA,但其形成途径尚不清楚.
- 影响酸盐生产的饮食因素,微生物参与者和交叉食相互作用需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查乳制品衍生乳糖和乳酸在肠道微生物酸盐形成中的作用.
- 为了确定微生物贡献者和饮食对超重和肥胖妇女的酸盐生产的影响.
- 了解发酵乳制品消费对肠道微生物群和酸盐水平的影响.
主要方法:
- 对肠道微生物和食品微生物的共同培养研究.
- 在体外人类便微生物群的批次发酵.
- 对一组消费发酵乳制品 (skyr) 的超重/肥胖妇女的分析.
- 16S rRNA基因安普利康测序和qPCR用于微生物鉴定.
- 测量便中的酸盐和乳酸盐水平.
主要成果:
- 梅加斯菲拉·埃尔斯德尼 (Megasphaera elsdenii) 在与Streptococcus thermophilus共同培养中产生酸盐,通过乳酸盐间接利用乳糖.
- 添加乳糖增加了含有足够Megasphaera的便微生物群中的瓦勒酸盐形成.
- 食补充剂增加了便微生物的多样性和Streptococcaceae的丰富性.
- 接受Megasphaera和每日 skyr摄入量的参与者表现出明显更高的便酸盐水平.
- 在 skyr 组中,便中乳酸水平升高,这表明发酵发生了变化.
结论:
- 巨 (Megasphaera elsdenii) 是超重/肥胖女性乳糖/乳酸驱动的酸盐生产的基石分类.
- 巨菌的存在显著影响肠道微生物群对发酵乳制品消费的反应.
- 这项研究提供了对SCCA酸盐形成的机制性见解,受饮食和特定肠道微生物的影响.
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