运动干预对老年人落和平衡功能的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Haoran Yu1, Jianwei Zhong1, Min Li1
1College of Physical Education, JiangXi Normal University, Nanchang, China.
PeerJ
|October 22, 2025
概括
运动干预措施显著改善老年人的跌倒效率和平衡,减少跌倒频率. 最佳的炼策略在降落效率和平衡改善方面有所不同,这凸显了针对性预防降落的量身定制计划的重要性.
科学领域:
- 老年学和运动科学
- 预防医学和公共卫生
- 康复和物理治疗治疗.
背景情况:
- 跌倒对老年人来说是一个主要的健康问题,导致受伤和降低生活质量.
- 余额赤字和降低摔倒效率是老龄化人口摔倒的关键风险因素.
- 需要基于证据的干预措施,以减轻健康老年人的跌倒风险.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查运动干预措施对老年人 (>60岁) 没有确诊疾病的跌倒和平衡功能的影响.
- 确定最佳的炼参数,以提高这一群体的跌倒效率和平衡.
主要方法:
- 37个随机对照试验的系统综述和元分析.
- 在PubMed,科学网,Embase,Cochrane图书馆和CNKI数据库中进行了搜索.
- 使用Review Manager 5.4评估偏差风险,使用Stata 17.使用出版偏差.
主要成果:
- 运动干预显著提高了修改后秋效量表 (MFES) 评分 (g=1.01) 和伯格平衡量表 (BBS) 评分 (g=0.92).
- 干预组显示,跌倒次数显著减少 (OR=0.32),并改善了定时启动和移动测试的表现 (g=-0.62).
- 亚组分析表明,较长的单次炼持续时间 (>30分钟) 对于秋季疗效,较长的干预周期 (≥24周) 对于平衡功能.
结论:
- 运动干预措施有效地提高了老年人落的有效性,减少了落的发生率,并改善了老年人的平衡.
- 特定的运动参数,包括持续时间,频率和周期长度,影响干预的有效性.
- 考虑到这些因素的量身定制的炼计划可以优化老年人的跌倒预防策略.
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