运动对青少年全身骨矿物质密度的影响:系统性审查和元分析
Yaming Li1,2, Jamalsafri Bin Saibon2, Weilong Mo2
1Zunyi Vocational and Technical University, Zunyi, China.
Sports health
|October 22, 2025
概括
运动显著提高了青少年的骨矿物质密度 (BMD). 像篮球这样的高影响力活动是最有效的,特别是对于男孩来说,促进终身骨健康.
科学领域:
- 儿童骨健康问题
- 运动科学 运动科学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 青春期是骨发育的关键时期.
- 运动是促进骨健康的关键.
- 全身骨矿物质密度 (BMD) 表示骨强度和未来骨折风险.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析体育炼对青少年全身BMD的影响.
- 确定有益于青少年骨健康的运动类型.
主要方法:
- 综合的数据库搜索 (1991-2025年) 包括科学网,PubMed,Embase,EBSCOhost,Cochrane,Scopus. 这些数据库的搜索范围包括科学网,PubMed,Embase,EBSCOhost,Cochrane,Scopus.
- 对12项符合纳入标准的研究 (1845名参与者) 的系统审查和元分析.
- 通过Cochrane手册指南提取数据;使用Review Manager软件进行分析.
主要成果:
- 在青少年中,体育炼显著增加了全身 BMD (MD=0.06,95% CI [0.04,0.09],P<0.001).
- 在男性和女性中都观察到改善,男孩 (P<0.001) 和女孩 (P=0.002) 的效果更为明显.
- 高冲击,承重炼 (如篮球,足球) 显示出显著的BMD增强;非承重炼 (如游泳) 的效果较弱. 柔道没有显著的影响.
结论:
- 身体炼,特别是高冲击运动,显著提高青少年全身 BMD,特别是在男孩.
- 研究结果强调了将有效的体育活动纳入青少年体育教育计划的重要性.
- 在青春期,通过有针对性的运动干预措施促进最佳骨健康至关重要.
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