中欧和东欧地区的区域死亡率差异2000-22年
1Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute-CAPHRI Maastricht University, PO Box 616, Maastricht 6200 MD, the Netherlands.
Journal of public health (Oxford, England)
|October 22, 2025
概括
中欧和东欧 (CEE) 的区域死亡率差异已绝对减少,但相对差异,特别是心血管疾病死亡,已增加. 一些地区在死亡率改善方面落后,突出了卫生系统能力差异.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 欧洲一体化对中东欧地区发展的影响已知,但区域死亡率差异仍未得到充分研究.
- 关于中东欧国家因各种原因,癌症,心血管和外部死亡率的区域差异的证据有限.
- 这项研究解决了2000年至2022年6个中东欧国家地区死亡率差异数据的稀缺性.
研究的目的:
- 检查捷克,爱沙尼亚,立陶宛,波兰,罗马尼亚和斯洛伐克全因,癌症,心血管和外部死亡率的区域差异.
- 在22年的时间内分析绝对和相对死亡率差异的趋势.
- 调查COVID-19大流行对区域死亡率不平等的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用了关于人口和死亡的官方数据,按性别,年龄,病因和地区分层.
- 采用基于线条的模型来估计平滑的年龄标准化死亡率 (SDR).
- 使用细分回归计算绝对和相对差异指标并分析趋势.
主要成果:
- 在大多数中东欧国家,所有原因,心血管和外部SDR的绝对差异普遍下降.
- 心血管SDR的相对差异显示出日益增长的趋势.
- 癌症SDR差异趋势因国家而异,而COVID-19流行病在大多数地区增加了绝对的全因死亡率差异.
结论:
- 减少绝对死亡率差异是一个公共卫生成果,但相对差异的增加表明地区不平等正在出现.
- 越来越多的差异表明,在采用复杂疾病的健康创新方面,区域卫生系统的能力不同.
- 调查结果强调需要有针对性的区域卫生战略,以确保在整个中东欧和中东欧地区实现公平的死亡率改善.
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