一个混合密集卷积网络和模糊推断系统用于肺炎诊断,具有动态症状跟踪
Sulav Baral1, Rabindra Bista1, Sanjog Sigdel1
1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Kathmandu University, Dhulikhel, Kavre, Nepal.
PloS one
|October 22, 2025
概括
一个新的混合人工智能 (AI) 系统使用深度学习 (DL) 和模糊逻辑来增强肺炎诊断. 这种人工智能工具提高了准确性和可解释性,特别是在资源有限的环境中.
科学领域:
- 医学成像和诊断 医学成像和诊断
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 计算病理学计算病理学
背景情况:
- 肺炎是幼儿和老年人死亡的主要原因.
- 正确的肺炎诊断是具有挑战性的,因为主观的解释和症状的变化.
- 在资源有限的环境中,对放射科医生的有限访问加剧了诊断困难.
研究的目的:
- 开发用于肺炎诊断的混合人工智能系统.
- 整合深度学习 (DL) 的信心评分,DenseNet201,囊网络 (CapsNet) 和模糊推理.
- 提高肺炎检测的诊断准确性,透明度和临床可用性.
主要方法:
- 利用了17,229张胸部X射线图像的数据集,并使用了交叉验证技术.
- 采用了DenseNet201用于特征提取和CapsNet用于空间关系保存.
- 集成的DL信心得分进入一个模糊的推断系统,具有动态的症状调整机制.
主要成果:
- 使用DenseNet201 + CapsNet架构实现了99.01%的测试准确性.
- 证明了强大的概括性,加权精度,回忆和F1得分约为0.987.
- CapsNet的表现优于传统层;模糊的逻辑和动态调整有效地处理了模两可的情况.
结论:
- 混合AI模型为肺炎诊断提供了一个强大的,可解释的决策支持工具.
- 有效地将高性能人工智能与临床决策联系起来.
- 在放射学专业知识有限的环境中,为肺炎诊断提供了显著的好处.
相关概念视频
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
777
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
777
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
723
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
723
01:17Classification of Illness
8.5K
The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
8.5K
01:29Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology
2.6K
The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
2.6K