在医生监督的人工智能使用中探索患者的观点,参与度和输出质量,在与ChatGPT和Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) 进行知情同意咨询时:定量探索性研究研究
Sascha Donner1, Poroshista Knauer2, Arne Kienzle2
1Berlin School of Library and Information Science, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Journal of medical Internet research
|October 22, 2025
概括
提取增强生成 (RAG) 增强了ChatGPT,改善了全关节整形术 (THA) 患者的满意度和知情度. 患者仍然更喜欢医生主导的同意,将AI定位为一种补充工具.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 外科教育的外科教育
背景情况:
- 综合性手术前教育对于关节整形术 (THA) 的结果和知情同意至关重要.
- 像ChatGPT这样的人工智能 (AI) 工具为可扩展的患者教育提供了潜力.
- 人工智能在医疗保健中的临床验证是必要的,以确保准确性,安全性和信任性.
研究的目的:
- 评估患者对THA的偏好和对人工智能辅助知情同意的满意度.
- 为了比较传统的医生咨询与人工智能支持的咨询 (本地ChatGPT和RAG增强的ChatGPT).
- 调查焦虑和人工智能态度对同意偏好的影响以及RAG对人工智能响应质量的影响.
主要方法:
- 36名接受THA治疗的患者被分为三个组:仅由医生治疗,由医生辅助使用原生ChatGPT,以及由医生辅助使用RAG增强的ChatGPT.
- 患者的满意度,感知到的知情度,焦虑和人工智能态度都使用了利克特级别问卷进行了测量.
- 医生评估了ChatGPT对准确性,清晰度,完整性和幻觉的反应.
主要成果:
- 与原生ChatGPT相比,使用RAG的ChatGPT显著提高了患者满意度和感知知晓度.
- 与RAG增强的ChatGPT相互作用的患者比原生ChatGPT (39) 或对照组 (20) 提出了更多的问题 (52).
- 大多数患者更喜欢人类临床医生而不是人工智能,不管准确度如何;RAG显著减少了人工智能幻觉.
结论:
- 检索增强生成 (RAG) 集成增强了ChatGPT对THA患者的手术前信息质量.
- 人工智能聊天机器人可以提高患者的满意度和参与度,但应该补充,而不是取代医生领导的知情同意.
- 定制的人工智能助理有望在外科同意过程中增强人类互动.
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