在慢性呼吸道疾病中评估动脉样硬化心血管风险的方法:系统性审查
Omer Faruk Uysal1, Tobin Joseph2,3, Ahmad M Alharbi4
1UCL Respiratory, University College London, London, UK omer.uysal.23@ucl.ac.uk.
概括
慢性呼吸道疾病如COPD和喘会增加动脉样硬化心血管疾病 (ASCVD) 的风险. 本综述系统地评估了ASCVD风险估计工具对这些人群的风险,并注意到它们的不同临床适用性.
科学领域:
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
- 预防医学 预防医学
背景情况:
- 慢性呼吸道疾病 (CRD),包括COPD和喘,与动脉样硬化心血管疾病 (ASCVD) 有共同的病理生理联系.
- 由于共同的风险因素,了解和管理CRD患者的ASCVD风险至关重要.
- 现有的ASCVD风险评估方法可能无法完全针对CRD群体进行优化.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和报告估计慢性呼吸道疾病患者ASCVD风险的方法.
- 突出各种ASCVD风险评估工具在这个特定的患者群体中的优点,局限性和临床适用性.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (MEDLINE,Embase,Scopus,CINAHL) 进行了全面的系统文献搜索,截至2025年6月.
- 对推的ASCVD风险评估工具,研究了国际临床指南.
- 使用叙事综合方法来分析包含的研究结果.
主要成果:
- 在来自26个国家的63项研究中,68个ASCVD风险评估工具和生物标志物被确定.
- 图像技术 (例如,冠状动脉评分) 提供了详细的解剖数据,但需要专门的资源.
- 风险评分是实用的,但可能缺乏个体精度;生物标志物和功能测试是整体的,但资源密集的;动脉硬度测量直接评估血管病理.
结论:
- 对于慢性呼吸道疾病患者,可使用多种ASCVD风险评估方法.
- 了解每个工具的具体优点和弱点对于选择适当的风险分层策略至关重要.
- 未来的研究应该专注于验证,可访问性和增强CRD的个性化风险预测.
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