在气候变化下的全球粮食安全中利用育种和生物技术创新
Obaid Ur Rehman1, Feifei Zhu2, Xinjuan Hu1
1School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
Functional & integrative genomics
|October 22, 2025
概括
发展适应气候变化的作物对于全球粮食安全至关重要. 基因组创新和可持续实践提高了作物对环境压力的抵抗力,确保了稳定的粮食供应.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 植物生物学 植物生物学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 气候变化和环境压力 (干旱,高温,寒冷,洪水) 显著降低作物产量,威胁全球粮食安全.
- 气候变化加剧了这些压力,影响了全球的农业生产力.
- 提高作物对非生物和生物压力的抵抗力对于可持续的粮食生产至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前的知识和发展适应气候变化的作物的战略.
- 突出基因组创新和可持续农业在应对粮食不安全方面的作用.
- 巩固关于增强植物对环境挑战的抵抗力的信息.
主要方法:
- 审查现有的关于作物弹性战略的文献.
- 分析传统的育种,生物技术和奥米克技术 (转录组学,蛋白组学,代谢组学).
- 检查可持续农业实践 (间作物,农林,生物肥料,生物炭) 和支持政策.
主要成果:
- 奥米克技术已经确定了关键的基因,蛋白质和代谢途径,用于作物弹性.
- 可持续的农业实践改善了土壤结构和保持水分,有助于恢复力.
- 基因组创新对于开发能够承受环境压力的作物至关重要.
结论:
- 结合基因组创新,可持续农业和支持性政策的多方面的方法对于气候弹性至关重要.
- 开发适应气候变化的作物对于在面对环境挑战时确保全球粮食安全至关重要.
- 本综述提供了一份全面的概述,旨在加强农业适应气候变化的战略.
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