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共感的发展:典型和非典型的轨迹,从婴儿到幼儿时期
1School of Behavioral Sciences, The Academic College of Tel-Aviv Yaffo, Tel-Aviv Yaffo, Israel.
概括
早期的同理心发展受到神经生物学和社会因素的影响,在婴儿期就会出现标记. 了解非典型的发展,如自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD),是早期干预和社会结果的关键.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 共感对于社会功能至关重要,从婴儿时期开始发展.
- 传统观点认为,同理心的出现是较晚的;新的证据显示早期标记.
- 神经生物学,情感,认知和社会因素影响同情心的发展.
研究的目的:
- 审查从婴儿到幼儿时期的典型和非典型的同理心发展.
- 检查神经生物学和社会影响早期的同情心.
- 识别非典型发育的早期标志物,如自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD).
主要方法:
- 综合文献综述. 这是一个全面的文献综述.
- 发展科学和临床研究的分析.
- 检查神经生物学成熟,情绪调节和照顾者与婴儿的互动.
主要成果:
- 同情关注和认知理解的早期标记在生命的第一年就存在.
- 护理人员与婴儿的互动和神经生物学成熟支持同情心.
- 非典型的发育 (例如,自闭症) 显示了社会关注,情感分享和亲社会行为的早期缺陷.
结论:
- 共感是早期发展的里程碑,也是社会情感功能障碍的诊断镜头.
- 早期发现同理心障碍可以识别像ASD这样的疾病.
- 培养同情心对于具有不同发育特征的儿童的积极社会结果至关重要.
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