在严重精神疾病中专家提供的干预措施的有效性:系统性审查和元分析
Tamieka Mawer1, Scott Teasdale2,3, Rachel Bacon1
1University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia.
The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry
|October 23, 2025
概括
专家提供的营养和运动干预措施显著改善严重精神疾病患者的身体健康. 这些计划有效地降低了体重指数 (BMI),腰围和静缩血压,支持将它们纳入标准护理.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 临床营养学 临床营养学
- 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 患有严重精神疾病 (SMI) 的人患有心脏代谢风险因素和过早死亡率较高.
- 包括营养和运动在内的生活方式干预对于管理这一群体的身体健康至关重要.
- 专家提供的干预措施的有效性需要全面评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估专家提供的营养和运动干预措施对SMI患者身体健康的有效性.
- 综合来自对照试验的证据,对心脏代谢结果在这个人口群体.
主要方法:
- 在Scopus,Medline,EMBASE,PsycINFO和CINAHL的系统文献搜索到2024年8月.
- 包括随机和非随机对照试验,针对SMI患者提供专家提供的营养和/或运动干预措施.
- 主要结局侧重于心脏代谢风险因素;对符合条件的研究进行的元分析.
主要成果:
- 综合营养和运动干预措施显著降低了体重指数 (BMI) (平均差异=-1.78) 和腰围 (平均差异=-4.13).
- 仅以营养为干预措施,可显著降低缩血压 (平均差 = -6.14).
- 仅进行运动的干预措施对评估的初级结果没有显示出统计学上显著的影响.
结论:
- 专家提供的营养和运动干预措施对改善SMI患者的体重,BMI和腰围在短期到中期内是有效的.
- 这些生活方式干预措施显示出有希望的有效性,应该考虑将其作为SMI患者常规护理的一部分实施.
- 进一步的研究可能会探索这些干预措施的长期影响和最佳交付模式.
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