一个超样本增强的多类不平衡分类框架,用于使用患者报告的结果来预测患者健康状况
Yang Yan1, Zhong Chen1, Cai Xu2
1School of Computing, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA.
概括
机器学习模型,包括随机森林 (RF) 和XGBoost,有效地根据患者报告的结果 (PRO) 预测癌症患者的毒性. 这些先进技术改善了治疗后支持和幸存者护理的临床决策.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 患者报告的结果 (PROs) 对于在接受放射治疗的癌症患者中管理治疗毒性至关重要.
- 准确的PRO数据分析对于临床决策和治疗后的幸存者护理至关重要.
- 原始的PRO数据往往受到稀疏性和不平衡的毒性分布的影响,阻碍了预测建模.
研究的目的:
- 研究先进的机器学习技术,用于预测患者的疼痛和睡眠障碍等结果.
- 来自癌症治疗中心的PRO数据集中的数据稀疏性和不平衡分布.
- 加强临床决策支持,以管理与治疗相关的毒性.
主要方法:
- 实现了先进的分类器:随机森林 (RF),XGBoost,梯度提升 (GB),支持矢量机 (SVM),MLP-袋装和物流回归 (LR).
- 应用过量抽样技术来管理少数群体的阶级不平衡,同时保持阶级比例.
- 利用了来自癌症治疗中心的PRO数据集,跨越了三种癌症类型.
主要成果:
- 随机森林 (RF) 和XGBoost在多类失衡任务中表现出强大的概括能力.
- 这些模型成功地对各种毒性进行了治疗后的严重程度分类.
- 这些机器学习方法在处理PRO数据所带来的挑战方面被证明是有效的.
结论:
- 射频和XGBoost在预测患者报告的结果和毒性严重程度方面非常有效.
- 这些模型为瘤学家和护理团队提供了有价值的临床决策支持.
- 先进的机器学习可以克服PRO数据的局限性,改善癌症患者的护理和生存率.
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