在低卡路里和碳水化合物限制饮食中报告不足的能量:流行病学考虑
Maximilian Andreas Storz1, Alvaro Luis Ronco2
1Department of Internal Medicine II, Centre for Complementary Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Current developments in nutrition
|October 23, 2025
概括
在低卡路里和碳水化合物限制饮食的人中,饮食报告不足的情况是低卡路里和碳水化合物限制饮食的人的两倍. 这一发现影响了健康研究,将这些饮食与有利的结果联系起来,而不考虑能量摄入评估错误.
科学领域:
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 饮食评估 饮食评估
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 不准确的能量摄入评估和饮食报告不足在营养流行病学中带来了重大挑战.
- 这些不准确可能导致饮食和健康结果之间的虚假关联.
- 在遵循特殊饮食的人群中,报告不足的流行需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 测试假设低热量和碳水化合物限制饮食与能量摄入不足报告的可能性增加有关.
- 为了确定较低的碳水化合物摄入量是否与报告的能量摄入量和总能耗之间的差异更大相关.
主要方法:
- 利用基于6497个双标记的水测量的预测方程来识别NHANES (2009-2018) 数据中报告不足的情况.
- 在一般,低卡路里和碳水化合物限制饮食组中比较报告不足的流行率.
- 采用后勤双项回归模型来评估饮食报告不足的关联,调整社会人口统计因素.
主要成果:
- 与一般人口 (22.89%) 相比,低卡路里 (38.84%) 和限制碳水化合物 (43.83%) 的饮食中报告不足的频率几乎是低于一般人口 (22.89%) 的两倍.
- 两种特殊饮食都显示出报告不足的几率明显更高 (分别为2.32和2.86的OR),即使在调整后.
- 限制碳水化合物的饮食表现出能耗与自我报告的摄入量之间的最低一致性.
结论:
- 低卡路里和碳水化合物限制性饮食与增加的能量摄入量显著相关.
- 这些发现对这些饮食的健康研究具有关键意义,这可能不能解释报告不足.
- 未来的研究应该在评估饮食与健康关系时考虑能量摄入量评估错误.
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