进化史,寿命和陆地性预测了Toxoplasma gondii在自由活动的非人类灵长类动物中的血清流行
Fidisoa Rasambainarivo1,2, Billy Hinson1, Olivier Rasolofoniaina2
1Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife
|October 23, 2025
概括
类动物对寄生虫Toxoplasma gondii的暴露很低,这可能是由于从类动物进化分离出来的原因. 这种免疫学上的天真可能会增加它们对毒素菌的脆弱性,构成保护风险.
科学领域:
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 灵长类生态学灵长类生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 类动物在囚禁中容易受到毒素菌的感染,但野生血清流行率较低.
- 低血清发病率可能源于树木生活习惯或由于接触Toxoplasma gondii有限而缺乏进化的耐药性.
- 类动物的进化史可能会影响灵长类动物对T. gondii的易感性.
研究的目的:
- 评估灵长类动物与类动物的进化史是否影响T. gondii的易感性,独立于生态暴露.
- 测试关于T. gondii血清流行情况的陆地性,寿命和与类的共同发生的预测.
- 调查T. gondii对的保护影响.
主要方法:
- 从435只自由散居的的血清样本中分析了T. gondii抗体.
- 在野生灵长类动物中对T. gondii血清流行进行了一项文献综述.
- 通过对灵长类超级家族 (Lemuroidea,Ceboidea,Cercopithecoidea) 的血清流行数据进行了比较,考虑了陆地性和寿命.
主要成果:
- 整体Lemuroidea的血清流行率为5.4%,明显低于Ceboidea (11.8%) 和Cercopithecoidea (27.6%).
- 的血清流行率低于它们的陆地性所预测的,这表明它们与类动物的进化隔离.
- 长寿对血清发病率的影响在各个血统中不同;它随着寿命的增加而增加Cercopithecoidea,但不是.
结论:
- 似乎在免疫学上对T. gondii很天真,这表明它们的脆弱性更高.
- 进化上的天真,加上息地碎片化和家猫的扩张,对来说是一个未被认可的保护威胁.
- 了解进化宿主-寄生虫相互作用对于灵长类动物保护工作至关重要.
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