从森林到前线:对Mpox的全球飞跃和病毒演变 (2022-2024) 的全面审查
Baylor Akhavan1, Abu-Bakr Ahmed1, Wilson To1
1Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at UNLV, 625 Shadow Lane, Las Vegas, NV 89106, United States.
One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|October 23, 2025
概括
在2022-2024年爆发的Mpox (MPXV) 疫情显示,Clade IIb在全球范围内蔓延,Clade I在中非复苏. 紧急需要包括基因组监测,儿科反应和公平的疫苗接种.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在2022年,Mpox (MPXV) 流行病学发生了变化,Clade IIb的全球传播和Clade I在中非的复苏.
- 基因组适应,如APOBEC3突变和人对人传播的增加,引发了公共卫生方面的担忧.
- 本综述综合了关于Clade I和Clade II MPXV疫情 (2022-2024) 的证据,重点关注地理传播,人口统计和响应差距.
研究的目的:
- 审查关于2022年至2024年的Clade I和Clade II MPXV疫情的最新证据.
- 分析地理扩张,人口差异和系统响应差距.
- 为了解决MPXV威胁的不断变化的公共卫生战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,CDC,WHO,ECDC数据库中进行全面的文献搜索 (2024年9月至12月).
- 包括报告关于Clade I或Clade II MPXV流行病学的初级数据的研究.
- 对灰色文献的分析,重点关注人口统计,传播,基因组突变和公共卫生反应.
主要成果:
- 类IIb导致了123个国家的117,000多例病例,主要影响与男性发生性关系的男性 (MSM).
- 类型I在刚果民主共和国复苏,有超过19,000例病例和975例死亡,不成比例地影响到五岁以下的儿童.
- APOBEC3 突变与 Clade I 传染性相关;国际 Clade I 传播记录. 诊断和儿科疫苗接种的缺口仍然存在.
结论:
- 在全球范围内,MPXV显示了Clades I和II的持续传播.
- 扩大基因组监测和以儿科为重点的疫情应对措施至关重要.
- 公平的诊断和疫苗接入,以及一个健康的方法,对于管理不断变化的MPXV威胁至关重要.
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